An evaluation of discourse markers in Hausa conversational exchanges in Kano
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Background of the Study
Discourse markers are linguistic elements that facilitate the organization and flow of conversation. In Hausa, particularly in the vibrant urban context of Kano, these markers play a crucial role in structuring dialogue and managing conversational turns. Hausa conversational exchanges are rich with markers such as “to,” “amma,” and “don haka,” which signal transitions, emphasis, and the speaker’s attitude. Recent studies in sociolinguistics suggest that discourse markers contribute to the coherence and fluidity of conversation, making them essential for effective communication (Suleiman, 2023). This study evaluates the use and frequency of discourse markers in Hausa conversational exchanges by analyzing recorded interactions in everyday contexts. It will examine how these markers assist in clarifying speaker intentions, managing topic shifts, and maintaining conversational balance. By understanding the role of discourse markers in Hausa, the research aims to contribute to broader theories of discourse analysis and inform language teaching methodologies that emphasize pragmatic competence.
Statement of the Problem
Although discourse markers are fundamental to conversational coherence, there is limited research on their specific usage in Hausa exchanges in Kano. Existing linguistic studies often generalize findings from other languages, neglecting the cultural and linguistic uniqueness of Hausa. This oversight hampers our understanding of how Hausa speakers use discourse markers to negotiate meaning and manage conversation. Without a detailed analysis, language instruction and communication strategies may fail to address the nuances of Hausa discourse, potentially impeding effective interpersonal communication (Suleiman, 2023; Musa, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
1. To identify and classify discourse markers in Hausa conversations.
2. To analyze the frequency and function of these markers.
3. To assess their impact on conversational coherence.
Research Questions:
1. What are the most commonly used discourse markers in Hausa exchanges?
2. How do these markers function to enhance conversation?
3. What implications do these findings have for language instruction?
Significance of the Study :
This study is significant as it deepens our understanding of discourse markers in Hausa, contributing to theories of pragmatic communication and informing educational practices to enhance conversational competence in Hausa (Suleiman, 2023; Musa, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to analyzing discourse markers in Hausa conversational exchanges in Kano using recorded interactions and linguistic analysis.
Definitions of Terms:
• Discourse Markers: Words or phrases that organize conversation.
• Conversational Exchanges: Interactive spoken communication.
• Hausa: A Chadic language spoken in Northern Nigeria.
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