NURSING TOPICS

Project Body

Background of the Study

Childhood stunting, a form of chronic malnutrition, remains a major public health issue in Nigeria, particularly in northern states such as Kano. Stunting occurs when children do not receive adequate nutrition during their critical growth periods, leading to impaired physical and cognitive development (WHO, 2024). According to recent studies, childhood stunting is associated with increased susceptibility to infections, reduced educational attainment, and long...

Background of the Study

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first six months of life is widely recognized as the optimal feeding practice for infants, providing essential nutrients, boosting immunity, and reducing the risk of infections (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Despite these well-documented benefits, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding remains below the recommended levels in Nigeria, including Plateau State, due to various cultural, social, and economic barriers (A...

Background of the Study

Childhood vaccination is one of the most effective strategies for preventing infectious diseases and reducing child mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2024) emphasizes that immunization has saved millions of lives by protecting children against diseases such as measles, polio, diphtheria, and hepatitis. However, despite nationwide vaccination programs in Nigeria, immunization uptake remains low in certain regions, including Jigawa State, due to pa...

Background of the Study

Infant mortality remains a major public health concern in Nigeria, particularly in the northern regions, including Zamfara State. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2024), Nigeria accounts for one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world, with major causes including birth asphyxia, preterm complications, sepsis, pneumonia, and malaria. Several socio-economic and healthcare-related factors contribute to high infant mortality, such as in...

Background of the Study

Immunization is one of the most effective public health interventions for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that vaccines prevent millions of deaths annually by protecting children against preventable diseases such as measles, polio, tuberculosis, and hepatitis B (WHO, 2024). However, the success of immunization programs relies heavily on the adherence of healthcare providers, particularly nurses, to sta...

Background of the Study

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first six months of an infant’s life is widely recommended by global health organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) due to its numerous health benefits. Breastfeeding provides essential nutrients, boosts the infant’s immune system, and reduces the risk of infections and malnutrition-related illnesses (WHO, 2023). De...

Background of the Study

Patient satisfaction is a critical indicator of healthcare quality, reflecting how well patients perceive the care they receive, particularly in clinical settings such as general hospitals. Satisfaction is influenced by various factors, including communication with healthcare providers, the quality of care received, the environment, and the perceived competence of healthcare staff (Nguyen et al., 2023). In Nigeria, where healthcare systems often face challeng...

Background of the Study

Hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions globally, with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In Nigeria, it is a major public health concern, with varying prevalence across regions. Kano State, located in the northern part of Nigeria, has seen a rising number of cases, primarily attributed to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, sedentary behavior, and limited access to proper healthcare services (Adamu et al., 2024). Nurses, as key...

Background of the Study

Evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing is a critical approach to ensuring high-quality patient care by integrating clinical expertise with the best available research evidence (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2023). EBP enhances patient outcomes, reduces variability in clinical practice, and promotes efficient healthcare delivery (Brown et al., 2024). However, despite its proven benefits, the implementation of EBP in clinical nursing remains a challenge, par...

Background of the Study

Hand hygiene is a fundamental component of infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasize that proper hand hygiene significantly reduces healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which are a major concern in patient safety (WHO, 2023). Despite well-established guidelines, adherence among healthcare workers, particularly nurses, remains subopti...

Background of the Study

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, with pediatric cases contributing substantially to the burden. Early detection and effective management are crucial for improving outcomes in children. Nurses play a vital role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pediatric TB, including conducting screenings, administering medications, and providing education to families. However, challenges such as under-detection, under-r...

Background of the Study

Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with mobility impairments being among the most common sequelae. Early and effective rehabilitation, including mobility programs, is crucial for improving functional outcomes in stroke patients. Nurses play a pivotal role in implementing these programs, which encompass exercises aimed at enhancing balance, strength, and coordination. Standardized measurement of balance and mobility post-stroke is essential for...

Background of the Study

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased fracture risk. Postmenopausal women are particularly susceptible due to decreased estrogen levels. Nurses play a pivotal role in the early detection, prevention, and management of osteoporosis through patient education, screening, and promoting lifestyle modifications.

In Nigeria, osteoporosis is often underdiagnosed and...

Background of the Study

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) remains a leading cause of mortality among infants under one year of age. Healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, play a crucial role in the prevention, identification, and management of SIDS cases. Their preparedness encompasses knowledge of risk factors, adherence to safe sleep practices, and the ability to provide support to grieving families.

In Nigeria, including Kwara State, the incidence of SIDS is a...

Background of the Study

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among post-surgical patients. Without appropriate prophylaxis, VTE can occur in up to 40-60% of orthopedic surgical patients. Nurses play a pivotal role in preventing VTE through risk assessment, implementation of prophylactic measures, patient education, and early mobilization strategies.

Despite estab...

Background of the Study

Interprofessional education (IPE) involves students from different healthcare professions learning together to foster collaborative practice. This approach is essential in preparing nursing students for effective teamwork, which is crucial for delivering high-quality patient care. In Nigeria, including Zamfara State, the integration of IPE into nursing curricula is still evolving. Evaluating the effectiveness of IPE in enhancing teamwork skills among nursing...

Background of the Study

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the postpartum period being particularly critical for monitoring and managing heart health. In Nigeria, including Kaduna State, the burden of CVDs among women is significant, yet postpartum cardiovascular health education remains underemphasized. Cardiac nurses, with their specialized knowledge, are well-positioned to provide essential education on heart hea...

Background of the Study

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a form of heart failure that occurs during the last month of pregnancy or within five months postpartum, characterized by left ventricular systolic dysfunction without any other identifiable cause.

The condition poses significant risks to both maternal and neonatal health, including severe heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism, and even death. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improv...

Background of the Study

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a form of heart failure that occurs during the last month of pregnancy or within five months postpartum, characterized by left ventricular systolic dysfunction without any other identifiable cause.

The condition poses significant risks to both maternal and neonatal health, including severe heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism, and even death. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improv...

Background of the Study

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, particularly in women. These complications include coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, which contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. Early detection and management of cardiovascular complications are crucial to improve health outcomes in diabetic women.

Nurses play a pivotal role in the early detection...

Background of the Study

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder occurring during pregnancy, characterized by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. It poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal health, potentially leading to complications such as eclampsia, organ failure, and preterm birth. Effective management of preeclampsia is crucial to mitigate these risks.

Cardiac nurses, with their specialized knowledge in cardiovascular care, p...

Background of the Study

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) during pregnancy pose significant risks to maternal and fetal health. Conditions such as hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, and peripartum cardiomyopathy can increase complications during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum periods. Cardiovascular health education is an essential intervention that empowers pregnant women to adopt heart-healthy behaviors, including proper diet, regular exercise, and adherence to prenatal...

Background of the Study

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Treatment adherence is crucial for achieving optimal outcomes in cervical cancer care. Nurse-led counseling has been identified as an effective intervention to enhance adherence by providing patients with education, emotional support, and personalized care plans.

In Kano State, Nigeria, the burden of cervical cancer is substantial, and chal...

Background of the Study

Effective pain management is a critical component of oncology care, as cancer-related pain significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Oncology nurses play a pivotal role in assessing and managing this pain, utilizing standardized pain assessment protocols to ensure consistent and effective care. Adherence to these protocols is essential for accurate pain evaluation and timely intervention.

In Plateau State, Nigeria, the adherence of oncolo...