Background of the Study
Nigeria’s multilingual landscape fosters a rich interplay of languages, influencing pragmatic aspects of communication in urban centers. Code-switching—the alternation between two or more languages in a single conversation—is a common phenomenon that reflects speakers’ linguistic competence and cultural identity (Adebayo, 2023). This study examines how multilingualism shapes pragmatic strategies through code-switching in urban Nigerian contexts. Urban residents, exposed to diverse languages such as Nigerian English, Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa, frequently engage in language alternation to convey nuances, manage social relationships, and negotiate identity. The research compares code-switching practices across different urban centers, focusing on the functional motivations behind language alternation and its role in effective communication (Ogun, 2024). By analyzing recorded interactions and media content, the study investigates how code-switching facilitates politeness, emphasis, and contextual adaptation in daily conversations. The findings are expected to shed light on the complex relationship between language diversity and pragmatic performance, offering insights into how multilingual speakers navigate social and cultural challenges in Nigeria (Ibrahim, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Although code-switching is a well-documented aspect of Nigerian urban communication, there is insufficient research on its pragmatic implications in multilingual settings. Existing studies often emphasize linguistic diversity without addressing how language alternation affects communication strategies and social interactions (Ugo, 2023). This gap hampers our understanding of the functional roles that code-switching plays in fostering effective communication and maintaining cultural identity. Without systematic comparative analysis, it remains unclear how different urban centers manage code-switching to balance formality and informality. This study aims to address these deficiencies by examining the pragmatic functions of code-switching across urban Nigerian contexts, providing a comprehensive analysis of its communicative benefits (Ibrahim, 2025).
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it provides a comparative analysis of code-switching in Nigeria’s multilingual urban centers, contributing to our understanding of pragmatic adaptation in diverse linguistic contexts. The insights will benefit sociolinguists, educators, and policymakers by highlighting effective communication strategies in multilingual settings (Adebayo, 2023; Ibrahim, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study is limited to the analysis of code-switching in Nigerian urban centers.
Definitions of Terms
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Chapter One: Introduction
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