A Comparative Analysis of Pragmatic Strategies in Nigerian Radio Debates: A Focus on Code-Switching in Abuja
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Background of the Study
Radio debates in Nigeria, particularly those broadcast from Abuja, are a rich site for examining pragmatic strategies, including the widespread phenomenon of code-switching. In these debates, speakers fluidly alternate between Nigerian English, local languages, and colloquial expressions to negotiate identity, assert authority, and engage diverse audiences (Akinyemi, 2023). Code-switching functions as a pragmatic tool that allows participants to emphasize points, manage conversational dynamics, and bridge cultural gaps. This study compares the pragmatic strategies employed by radio debaters, focusing on how code-switching enhances or hinders communication in a politically charged environment. The analysis involves a detailed examination of recorded debates, where shifts in language not only reflect speaker attitudes but also signal group membership and ideological alignments (Bolaji, 2024). Through this comparative approach, the research seeks to elucidate the socio-pragmatic functions of code-switching and its impact on the effectiveness of radio debates in Abuja. The study also explores how contextual factors such as audience demographics and debate topics influence language choice, thereby contributing to a more nuanced understanding of Nigerian media discourse (Chukwu, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Despite the recognized importance of code-switching in Nigerian radio debates, there is limited systematic research on its pragmatic implications, particularly within the context of Abuja’s political discourse. Current studies tend to focus on either linguistic features or content analysis, neglecting the interplay between code-switching and communicative effectiveness (Folashade, 2023). This gap prevents a comprehensive understanding of how strategic language alternation affects audience interpretation and debate outcomes. The lack of empirical data on pragmatic strategies in radio debates undermines efforts to develop communication guidelines that optimize clarity and engagement. This study aims to address these issues by comparing pragmatic strategies, with a specific focus on code-switching, in Abuja’s radio debates, thereby providing actionable insights for media practitioners (Kunle, 2024).
Objectives of the Study
- To examine the occurrence and patterns of code-switching in Abuja radio debates.
- To analyze the pragmatic functions of code-switching in enhancing communication.
- To propose recommendations for optimizing language use in radio debates.
Research Questions
- How is code-switching used in Nigerian radio debates in Abuja?
- What pragmatic functions does code-switching serve in this context?
- How does code-switching affect audience engagement and debate outcomes?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it investigates the pragmatic use of code-switching in Nigerian radio debates, contributing to a better understanding of multilingual communication in media. The findings will inform radio broadcasters, media trainers, and communication scholars on effective language strategies to improve public discourse. Insights into code-switching practices can enhance debate clarity and audience engagement in politically diverse contexts (Akinyemi, 2023; Bolaji, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study is limited to the analysis of code-switching in Nigerian radio debates in Abuja.
Definitions of Terms
- Pragmatic Strategies: Techniques used in communication to achieve effective interaction.
- Code-Switching: Alternating between two or more languages or dialects within a conversation.
- Radio Debates: Public discussions broadcast on radio, involving diverse speakers and topics.
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