The Effect of Skilled Birth Attendance by Nurses on Maternal Mortality Rates at State Specialist Hospital, Kano
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Background of the Study
Maternal mortality remains a major health challenge in Nigeria, with thousands of women dying from pregnancy-related complications each year. The presence of skilled birth attendants, particularly trained nurses and midwives, has been identified as a crucial factor in reducing maternal mortality rates by ensuring safe deliveries and prompt management of obstetric emergencies (WHO, 2023). Evidence shows that skilled birth attendance improves maternal outcomes by reducing complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, obstructed labor, and sepsis (Adebayo et al., 2024).
At State Specialist Hospital, Kano, a significant proportion of deliveries are managed by nurses and midwives. However, despite their role in providing skilled birth attendance, maternal mortality remains a concern. Factors such as inadequate staffing, limited access to emergency obstetric care, and delays in seeking skilled birth attendance contribute to high mortality rates (Yusuf & Bello, 2024). While previous studies have examined the general impact of skilled birth attendance, there is a need for focused research on the role of nurses in reducing maternal mortality in Kano State.
This study aims to evaluate how skilled birth attendance by nurses affects maternal mortality rates at State Specialist Hospital, Kano, and identify factors that influence its effectiveness.
Statement of the Problem
Maternal mortality rates in Kano State remain unacceptably high, despite efforts to improve healthcare services. A key strategy for reducing maternal deaths is ensuring that deliveries are attended by skilled healthcare providers, including nurses. However, many women still deliver at home or in facilities without adequate nurse coverage, leading to preventable complications. At State Specialist Hospital, Kano, the extent to which skilled birth attendance by nurses has reduced maternal mortality is unclear due to a lack of comprehensive studies. This research seeks to examine the effect of skilled birth attendance on maternal mortality rates and identify areas for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the relationship between skilled birth attendance by nurses and maternal mortality rates at State Specialist Hospital, Kano.
2. To examine the challenges faced by nurses in providing skilled birth attendance.
3. To evaluate strategies for improving skilled birth attendance to further reduce maternal mortality.
Research Questions
1. How does skilled birth attendance by nurses influence maternal mortality rates at State Specialist Hospital, Kano?
2. What challenges do nurses face in providing skilled birth attendance?
3. What strategies can be implemented to enhance skilled birth attendance and reduce maternal mortality?
Research Hypotheses
1. Skilled birth attendance by nurses significantly reduces maternal mortality rates at State Specialist Hospital, Kano.
2. Challenges such as inadequate staffing and limited emergency resources hinder the effectiveness of skilled birth attendance.
3. Implementing strategies to improve skilled birth attendance will lead to further reductions in maternal mortality.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on deliveries attended by nurses at State Specialist Hospital, Kano, examining maternal mortality trends and challenges in providing skilled birth care. Data will be collected from hospital records, nurse interviews, and patient case studies. Limitations may include incomplete medical records, variations in patient conditions, and difficulty in isolating skilled birth attendance as the sole factor influencing maternal mortality.
Definitions of Terms
• Skilled birth attendance: The presence of a trained healthcare provider, such as a nurse or midwife, during childbirth to ensure safe delivery.
• Maternal mortality rate: The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births within a given period.
• Emergency obstetric care: Medical interventions provided during childbirth to manage complications such as hemorrhage and obstructed labor.
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