The Impact of Nurse-Led Antenatal Care Education on Maternal Health Outcomes at Federal Medical Centre, Yola
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Background of the Study
Maternal health remains a critical public health concern worldwide, particularly in developing countries where maternal mortality rates are still high. One of the key strategies to improve maternal health outcomes is antenatal care (ANC) education, which provides pregnant women with essential knowledge on pregnancy management, nutrition, danger signs, and birth preparedness (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Studies indicate that when nurses lead antenatal education programs, pregnant women are more likely to adhere to medical guidelines, make informed decisions, and seek timely healthcare interventions (Adeyemi et al., 2023).
Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Yola, serves as a referral hospital for many pregnant women, especially those from rural and underserved areas. However, challenges such as inadequate maternal health education, lack of awareness about pregnancy complications, and poor health-seeking behavior among expectant mothers contribute to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes (Olawale & Yusuf, 2024). Nurse-led antenatal care education has been proposed as a cost-effective strategy to bridge these gaps by equipping pregnant women with critical health information and encouraging safe maternal practices.
Despite the recognized benefits of nurse-led antenatal education, there is limited empirical evidence on its impact on maternal health outcomes at FMC, Yola. This study seeks to assess how nurse-led ANC education influences maternal health indicators such as birth preparedness, complication awareness, and postnatal care adherence.
Statement of the Problem
Maternal health outcomes in Nigeria remain suboptimal due to factors such as poor antenatal care attendance, lack of awareness about pregnancy complications, and inadequate health education. At FMC, Yola, many pregnant women present late for antenatal visits or do not receive comprehensive education on maternal health. This gap in knowledge contributes to preventable complications such as anemia, gestational hypertension, and preterm birth. Although nurses play a crucial role in antenatal care education, there is little research assessing its effectiveness in improving maternal health outcomes in this setting. This study aims to evaluate the impact of nurse-led ANC education on maternal health at FMC, Yola.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the impact of nurse-led antenatal care education on maternal knowledge and awareness of pregnancy complications.
2. To evaluate the influence of nurse-led ANC education on maternal health-seeking behavior and adherence to medical guidelines.
3. To determine the effect of nurse-led antenatal education on birth preparedness and postnatal care uptake.
Research Questions
1. How does nurse-led antenatal care education affect maternal knowledge and awareness of pregnancy complications?
2. What is the impact of nurse-led ANC education on maternal health-seeking behavior and adherence to medical guidelines?
3. How does nurse-led antenatal education influence birth preparedness and postnatal care uptake?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurse-led antenatal care education significantly improves maternal knowledge and awareness of pregnancy complications.
2. Pregnant women who receive nurse-led ANC education demonstrate better health-seeking behavior and adherence to medical guidelines.
3. Nurse-led antenatal education enhances birth preparedness and increases postnatal care uptake.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on pregnant women attending antenatal care at FMC, Yola, assessing how nurse-led education influences their health outcomes. Data will be collected through questionnaires, interviews, and medical record reviews. Limitations may include variations in participants’ educational backgrounds, recall bias, and difficulties in tracking postnatal adherence.
Definitions of Terms
• Antenatal care (ANC): Healthcare services provided to pregnant women to ensure a healthy pregnancy and safe delivery.
• Maternal health outcomes: Indicators related to the health and well-being of mothers during and after pregnancy.
• Birth preparedness: Actions taken by pregnant women to ensure safe delivery and emergency readiness.
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