An Examination of the Challenges Faced by Nurses in Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive and debilitating respiratory disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. It is characterized by airflow obstruction, persistent respiratory symptoms, and progressive lung function decline. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD, 2024) estimates that COPD is the third leading cause of death globally. In Nigeria, COPD is becoming a significant public health issue due to increasing tobacco use, indoor air pollution, and exposure to occupational hazards (Olawale et al., 2023).
Nurses play a critical role in managing COPD by providing patient education, administering medications, monitoring respiratory function, and assisting in pulmonary rehabilitation. At Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, nurses are actively involved in COPD management, yet they face multiple challenges that hinder their ability to provide optimal care. These challenges include a lack of specialized respiratory training, limited access to essential medications, and the burden of high patient loads (Bashir & Adamu, 2024).
Despite the rising prevalence of COPD in Nigeria, research on the challenges nurses encounter in managing the disease remains limited. Addressing these challenges is crucial to improving patient outcomes and enhancing the quality of COPD care at ABUTH, Zaria. This study seeks to identify the key barriers faced by nurses and recommend solutions for improving COPD management in a tertiary healthcare setting.
Statement of the Problem
Managing COPD requires a multidisciplinary approach, with nurses playing a vital role in patient care and symptom management. However, in many Nigerian hospitals, including ABUTH, Zaria, nurses struggle with inadequate resources, limited training opportunities, and high patient-to-nurse ratios. Research indicates that poor access to bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, and pulmonary rehabilitation programs significantly affects the quality of COPD management (Ibrahim et al., 2024).
Additionally, COPD patients often require long-term care, yet nurses are frequently overburdened with acute cases, making it challenging to provide continuous monitoring and follow-up care. The emotional and physical toll of managing chronic respiratory diseases also contributes to burnout among nurses. These issues highlight the need for an in-depth investigation into the challenges nurses face in COPD management at ABUTH, Zaria, and potential interventions to improve care delivery.
Objectives of the Study
- To examine the challenges faced by nurses in managing COPD at ABUTH, Zaria.
- To assess the impact of inadequate resources on COPD management.
- To propose solutions for improving COPD care in tertiary healthcare settings.
Research Questions
- What are the major challenges nurses face in managing COPD at ABUTH, Zaria?
- How does limited access to medications and resources affect COPD care?
- What strategies can enhance COPD management in a tertiary healthcare setting?
Research Hypotheses
- Inadequate resources significantly hinder effective COPD management by nurses.
- Nurses with specialized respiratory training provide better COPD care than those without.
- Improving staffing levels and access to essential medications will enhance COPD management.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on nurses managing COPD at ABUTH, Zaria. Limitations include the potential difficulty in obtaining hospital records and variability in nurses' experiences across different hospital units.
Definitions of Terms
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) – A chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation and breathing difficulties.
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation – A program of exercise, education, and support for individuals with chronic respiratory diseases.
- Bronchodilators – Medications that relax airway muscles and improve airflow in COPD patients.
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