An Evaluation of Nurses' Roles in Preventing Diabetic Foot Complications at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Diabetic foot complications are a significant concern for people living with diabetes, often leading to severe health outcomes such as infections, amputations, and prolonged hospitalization (Ibrahim et al., 2024). In Nigeria, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, and so is the burden of diabetic foot complications, which remain a leading cause of morbidity and disability among diabetics (Adamu & Abubakar, 2023). The University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH) has been a central facility in managing diabetic patients, offering specialized care to prevent and manage diabetic complications, including foot ulcers. Nurses at UMTH have played a pivotal role in managing diabetic foot complications through education, preventive care, wound management, and patient counseling.
The role of nurses in preventing diabetic foot complications goes beyond clinical care and includes patient education on proper foot care, early identification of complications, and promoting self-care among patients (Mohammed & Ahmad, 2023). Despite the known importance of nursing interventions in managing diabetic foot complications, the specific roles of nurses at UMTH in preventing these complications have not been systematically evaluated. This study seeks to assess how nurses’ roles and interventions contribute to preventing diabetic foot complications among diabetic patients at UMTH.
Statement of the Problem
Diabetic foot complications remain a significant issue at UMTH, where many diabetic patients experience delayed diagnosis or improper management of their foot care, leading to severe complications, including amputations (Bello & Abubakar, 2024). While nurses play an essential role in managing these complications, the effectiveness of their preventive interventions, such as foot care education and early detection practices, has not been adequately studied. This lack of evaluation hinders the optimization of nursing practices to better prevent diabetic foot complications and improve patient outcomes.
This study aims to evaluate the roles of nurses in preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH, providing evidence to strengthen nursing interventions and enhance patient care.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the roles and interventions of nurses in preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led education and preventive care in reducing diabetic foot complications among patients at UMTH.
3. To recommend strategies to improve nursing interventions for preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH.
Research Questions
1. What roles do nurses play in preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH?
2. How effective are nurse-led education and preventive care in reducing diabetic foot complications at UMTH?
3. What strategies can be implemented to improve nursing interventions for preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses' interventions significantly reduce the incidence of diabetic foot complications at UMTH.
2. Nurse-led foot care education is effective in preventing diabetic foot complications among diabetic patients at UMTH.
3. Inadequate patient compliance with foot care education reduces the effectiveness of nursing interventions in preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the roles of nurses in preventing diabetic foot complications at UMTH. It will not include other healthcare professionals involved in the care of diabetic patients. Limitations may include challenges in measuring the long-term impact of nursing interventions and patient adherence to self-care practices.
Definitions of Terms
• Diabetic Foot Complications: A range of issues related to diabetes, such as ulcers, infections, and amputations, often caused by poor foot care and neuropathy.
• Nurse-Led Education: The process by which nurses educate patients on self-care practices, such as proper foot hygiene and the early identification of diabetic complications.
• Preventive Care: Measures taken to prevent diabetic foot complications, including routine foot inspections, blood sugar control, and proper footwear recommendations.
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