Background of the Study
Leadership in nursing plays a crucial role in shaping healthcare delivery, influencing team performance, job satisfaction, and patient outcomes (WHO, 2024). Nurse leaders are responsible for guiding teams, ensuring effective communication, and fostering a supportive work environment that enhances productivity and efficiency in patient care (Afolabi & Musa, 2023). Leadership styles such as transformational, transactional, democratic, and autocratic approaches significantly affect team cohesion, motivation, and overall performance in healthcare settings.
At Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, the effectiveness of nursing teams is directly linked to the leadership style of nurse managers and supervisors. Transformational leadership, characterized by inspiration, motivation, and a focus on team development, has been associated with higher job satisfaction and improved performance among nurses (Ogunyemi et al., 2024). Conversely, authoritarian leadership, which relies on strict control and rigid structures, can lead to job dissatisfaction, increased stress, and reduced team efficiency (Eze & Bello, 2023).
Despite the recognized impact of leadership on team performance, there is limited research examining how different leadership styles influence nurses' effectiveness in Nigerian hospitals. This study seeks to evaluate the predominant leadership styles among nurse leaders at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, and assess their impact on teamwork, job performance, and patient care outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
Effective nursing leadership is essential for maintaining high team performance and ensuring quality healthcare delivery. However, at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, concerns have been raised about the variability in leadership approaches and their impact on nursing team efficiency (WHO, 2024). Some nurses report challenges such as poor communication, lack of motivation, and excessive work pressure due to ineffective leadership practices (Musa & Ibrahim, 2023).
With the growing demand for high-quality patient care, it is crucial to identify leadership styles that enhance team collaboration and performance. A lack of understanding of the relationship between leadership approaches and nursing team efficiency can lead to decreased morale, increased burnout, and suboptimal patient care (Okafor & Usman, 2023). This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the effects of nurse leadership styles on team performance at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina.
Objectives of the Study
1. To identify the predominant leadership styles among nurse leaders at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina.
2. To examine the impact of different leadership styles on nursing team performance.
3. To recommend leadership strategies that enhance teamwork and patient care.
Research Questions
1. What are the dominant leadership styles among nurse leaders at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina?
2. How do different leadership styles affect team performance in nursing units?
3. What leadership strategies can improve team efficiency and patient care outcomes?
Research Hypotheses
1. Transformational leadership has a positive impact on nursing team performance.
2. Autocratic leadership negatively affects teamwork and job satisfaction among nurses.
3. Leadership training programs significantly improve nurse managers’ effectiveness in team management.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurse leaders and their teams at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, assessing how leadership styles influence performance. It will not include other hospital staff such as doctors and administrative personnel. Limitations may include variations in leadership perceptions among nurses and self-reported biases in leadership effectiveness assessments.
Definitions of Terms
• Leadership Style: The approach a leader uses to guide, motivate, and manage a team.
• Transformational Leadership: A leadership style that inspires and motivates employees to achieve beyond expectations.
• Autocratic Leadership: A leadership style characterized by strict control and minimal team input.
• Team Performance: The efficiency, collaboration, and productivity of a group of workers.
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