An Evaluation of Nurses’ Adherence to WHO Guidelines on Maternal Health at University of Jos Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Maternal health remains a critical public health concern, with Nigeria accounting for one of the highest maternal mortality rates globally (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). To address this challenge, WHO has developed evidence-based guidelines focusing on antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal care to reduce maternal and neonatal complications (Bello et al., 2023). These guidelines emphasize quality maternal healthcare, including skilled birth attendance, timely emergency obstetric interventions, and postpartum monitoring.
Nurses play a crucial role in implementing WHO maternal health guidelines through antenatal education, labor support, and postpartum care (Adebayo & Musa, 2024). Adherence to these guidelines has been shown to improve maternal survival rates, reduce complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, and enhance newborn health outcomes (Okonkwo et al., 2023). However, studies suggest that adherence to WHO protocols varies among healthcare facilities in Nigeria due to inadequate training, limited resources, and systemic challenges (Eze et al., 2024).
This study aims to evaluate nurses’ adherence to WHO guidelines on maternal health at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital, identifying compliance levels and factors affecting guideline implementation.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the availability of WHO maternal health guidelines, maternal mortality and morbidity rates in Nigeria remain high (WHO, 2024). Non-adherence to these guidelines by healthcare providers, including nurses, contributes to poor maternal health outcomes (Aliyu & Salisu, 2023).
At the University of Jos Teaching Hospital, maternal health services are provided by a team of healthcare professionals, including nurses. However, reports suggest variability in adherence to WHO-recommended practices, affecting the quality of care (Eze & Musa, 2024). Understanding the level of nurses’ adherence and the factors influencing their compliance is essential for improving maternal healthcare delivery.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of nurses’ adherence to WHO guidelines on maternal health at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital.
- To examine factors influencing nurses' compliance with WHO maternal health protocols.
- To evaluate the impact of adherence to WHO guidelines on maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Research Questions
- What is the level of nurses’ adherence to WHO maternal health guidelines?
- What factors influence nurses’ compliance with WHO-recommended maternal healthcare practices?
- How does adherence to WHO guidelines affect maternal and neonatal health outcomes?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital demonstrate high adherence to WHO maternal health guidelines.
- Factors such as training, workload, and resource availability significantly impact nurses' adherence to WHO maternal health guidelines.
- Strict adherence to WHO guidelines improves maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses providing maternal healthcare services at the University of Jos Teaching Hospital. Limitations may include potential biases in self-reported adherence, institutional differences in guideline implementation, and challenges in measuring long-term health outcomes.
Definitions of Terms
- Maternal Health: The health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.
- WHO Guidelines on Maternal Health: Evidence-based recommendations by the World Health Organization to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Adherence: The extent to which nurses follow recommended healthcare guidelines and protocols.
- Neonatal Health Outcomes: Indicators of newborn health, including survival rates and complication rates.
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