The Effect of Nurse-Led Postnatal Care Services on Maternal and Infant Health at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina
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Background of the Study
Postnatal care (PNC) is a crucial aspect of maternal and child healthcare, encompassing the period following childbirth up to six weeks postpartum. It ensures the well-being of both mother and infant by providing essential health interventions such as breastfeeding support, infection prevention, and monitoring for postpartum complications (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Despite global efforts to enhance postnatal care, maternal and infant morbidity and mortality rates remain high in Nigeria due to gaps in service utilization and accessibility (Bello et al., 2023).
Nurse-led postnatal care services have been identified as an effective strategy for improving maternal and infant health outcomes. Nurses provide critical support through education on newborn care, family planning, maternal nutrition, and early detection of complications (Adebayo & Musa, 2024). Studies have shown that effective PNC services reduce the incidence of neonatal infections, maternal hemorrhage, and postpartum depression (Okonkwo et al., 2023). However, in many Nigerian healthcare facilities, including Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, utilization of PNC services remains low due to cultural barriers, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and limited awareness (Eze et al., 2024).
This study seeks to evaluate the effect of nurse-led postnatal care services on maternal and infant health at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, assessing how these services influence postnatal health outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the importance of postnatal care, many Nigerian women do not receive adequate postnatal services, contributing to high maternal and neonatal mortality rates (WHO, 2024). Lack of structured PNC services, poor awareness, and sociocultural factors hinder effective utilization, especially in northern Nigeria (Aliyu & Salisu, 2023).
At Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, reports suggest that nurse-led postnatal care services are available, but their impact on maternal and infant health remains underexplored. Studies indicate that many women do not complete recommended postnatal visits, increasing the risk of complications (Eze & Musa, 2024). Evaluating the effect of nurse-led PNC services will provide insights into their effectiveness and identify areas for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the impact of nurse-led postnatal care services on maternal health outcomes at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina.
- To evaluate the effect of nurse-led postnatal care on infant health outcomes, including neonatal survival and morbidity rates.
- To identify barriers to the effective utilization of nurse-led postnatal care services.
Research Questions
- How do nurse-led postnatal care services influence maternal health outcomes?
- What is the effect of nurse-led postnatal care on infant health and neonatal survival?
- What challenges hinder the effective utilization of postnatal care services?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurse-led postnatal care services significantly improve maternal health outcomes.
- Nurse-led postnatal care reduces neonatal morbidity and enhances infant survival.
- Socioeconomic and cultural factors significantly impact the utilization of postnatal care services.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on postpartum women and infants receiving care at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina. Limitations may include self-reported biases, variations in adherence to postnatal visits, and challenges in obtaining follow-up data.
Definitions of Terms
- Postnatal Care (PNC): Healthcare services provided to the mother and newborn within six weeks after childbirth.
- Neonatal Morbidity: Health complications affecting newborns within the first 28 days of life.
- Maternal Health Outcomes: Indicators of a mother’s health status following childbirth, including recovery and complication rates.
- Nurse-Led Care: Health services primarily provided and managed by nurses to improve patient outcomes.
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