An Evaluation of Nurses’ Role in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease at State Specialist Hospital, Minna
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Background of the Study
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global health concern, with increasing prevalence due to risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle changes (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). CKD is a progressive disease characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which requires dialysis or kidney transplantation for survival (Adeyemi et al., 2023). The burden of CKD in Nigeria is high, with limited healthcare resources, inadequate awareness, and late-stage diagnoses contributing to poor patient outcomes (Okonkwo et al., 2024).
Nurses play a crucial role in the management of CKD, providing patient education, monitoring vital signs, administering medications, and assisting with dialysis procedures (Olawale & Yusuf, 2023). At the State Specialist Hospital, Minna, nurses are actively involved in the care of CKD patients, working alongside nephrologists to improve disease management. However, the effectiveness of their roles in CKD care has not been fully evaluated, raising concerns about the adequacy of nursing interventions, patient adherence to treatment, and overall quality of care.
Studies indicate that proper nursing interventions can slow CKD progression, improve patient outcomes, and enhance the quality of life for affected individuals (Aliyu & Musa, 2024). However, challenges such as inadequate staffing, limited training in nephrology nursing, and resource constraints hinder the efficiency of nurses in CKD management (Adebayo et al., 2024). This study seeks to evaluate the role of nurses in managing CKD at State Specialist Hospital, Minna, assessing their contributions, challenges, and impact on patient care.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the increasing burden of CKD in Nigeria, there is limited research on the role of nurses in its management, particularly in secondary healthcare facilities like the State Specialist Hospital, Minna. Many CKD patients present at advanced stages due to poor awareness and inadequate screening programs, making effective nursing care crucial for managing complications and improving outcomes (Okeke et al., 2023).
Challenges such as a lack of nephrology training, high patient-to-nurse ratios, and limited access to dialysis and medications hinder optimal CKD management (Eze et al., 2024). Additionally, patient non-adherence to dietary and medication regimens further complicates disease management. Evaluating the role of nurses in CKD care is essential to identifying strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement in nursing practice at State Specialist Hospital, Minna.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the role of nurses in the management of chronic kidney disease at State Specialist Hospital, Minna.
- To identify challenges faced by nurses in providing CKD care.
- To evaluate the impact of nursing interventions on patient adherence and health outcomes.
Research Questions
- What are the roles of nurses in managing chronic kidney disease at State Specialist Hospital, Minna?
- What challenges do nurses face in providing CKD care?
- How do nursing interventions affect patient adherence and health outcomes?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses play a significant role in the effective management of chronic kidney disease at State Specialist Hospital, Minna.
- Challenges such as inadequate nephrology training and resource constraints negatively impact nursing care for CKD patients.
- Nursing interventions significantly improve patient adherence to treatment and overall health outcomes.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses involved in the management of CKD at State Specialist Hospital, Minna. It will assess their roles, challenges, and impact on patient outcomes. Limitations may include variations in patient responses to treatment, time constraints, and potential biases in self-reported data.
Definitions of Terms
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A long-term condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time.
- Nephrology Nursing: A specialized branch of nursing focused on the care of patients with kidney diseases.
- Dialysis: A medical procedure that removes waste and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are no longer functioning properly.
- Patient Adherence: The extent to which a patient follows prescribed medical and lifestyle recommendations.
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