The Effect of Nurse-Led Interventions on Reducing Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections in Federal Medical Centre, Katsina State
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Background of the Study: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an essential treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), offering an alternative to hemodialysis and contributing to improved patient outcomes (Nwankwo et al., 2023). However, one of the most common complications of PD is peritoneal dialysis-related infections (PDRIs), such as peritonitis, which can lead to prolonged hospitalizations, increased healthcare costs, and even mortality if not managed promptly (Okoye et al., 2023). In Katsina State, PD is becoming increasingly utilized as a dialysis treatment option, yet the incidence of PDRIs remains a significant challenge.
Nurses play a crucial role in preventing and managing PDRIs through education, meticulous aseptic technique, and early identification of symptoms. Nurse-led interventions, including patient education on infection control practices, proper catheter care, and hygiene, have been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of infections in PD patients (Adebayo et al., 2023). This study aims to evaluate the effect of nurse-led interventions in reducing PDRIs at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC) in Katsina State.
Statement of the Problem: Despite the importance of infection control in peritoneal dialysis, PDRIs continue to be a major complication in patients undergoing this treatment. The role of nurses in implementing infection prevention strategies is vital, but the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing the incidence of these infections remains under-researched in Katsina State. This study will explore how nurse-led initiatives can reduce PDRIs and improve patient outcomes in the FMC.
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the impact of nurse-led infection control interventions on the incidence of peritoneal dialysis-related infections in the FMC, Katsina State.
- To evaluate the level of knowledge and practices of PD patients regarding infection prevention before and after nurse-led education.
- To identify the specific infection control practices that nurses implement to prevent PDRIs.
Research Questions:
- How do nurse-led interventions impact the incidence of peritoneal dialysis-related infections in the Federal Medical Centre, Katsina State?
- What is the level of patient knowledge regarding infection prevention before and after nurse-led education?
- What specific infection prevention strategies do nurses implement in peritoneal dialysis care?
Research Hypotheses:
- Nurse-led infection prevention interventions significantly reduce the incidence of peritoneal dialysis-related infections in the FMC, Katsina State.
- Patients receiving nurse-led education demonstrate a significant improvement in their knowledge and adherence to infection prevention practices.
- The implementation of specific infection control strategies by nurses leads to fewer peritoneal dialysis-related infections among patients.
Scope and Limitations of the Study: The study will focus on peritoneal dialysis patients in the Federal Medical Centre, Katsina State, assessing the impact of nurse-led infection control interventions on the rate of PDRIs. Limitations include possible confounding factors such as patient non-adherence to infection prevention practices and the inability to account for all environmental variables affecting infection rates.
Definitions of Terms:
- Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections (PDRIs): Infections occurring in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, most commonly peritonitis, which can lead to serious complications if untreated.
- Nurse-Led Interventions: Infection control measures initiated and managed by nurses to reduce the risk of infections in peritoneal dialysis patients, including patient education and procedural protocols.
- Infection Prevention Practices: Strategies aimed at preventing infections, such as proper catheter care, hand hygiene, and aseptic technique during dialysis procedures.
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