An Examination of the Role of Leadership in Strategic Management: A Study of Banks in Sokoto State
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Background of the Study
Leadership is a critical determinant of organizational success, particularly in strategic management, where decisions about long-term goals and objectives shape the organization's future (Adebayo, 2023). Strategic management involves the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of strategies to achieve an organization’s objectives within a competitive environment. Leaders play an essential role in setting the strategic direction, mobilizing resources, and aligning stakeholders to achieve organizational goals (Garba, 2024). In the banking sector, effective leadership is indispensable for navigating regulatory complexities, technological advancements, and economic fluctuations. Banks in Sokoto State, like other financial institutions, operate in a highly dynamic environment requiring adaptive strategies and visionary leadership.
Despite the increasing emphasis on leadership in strategic management, many banks face challenges such as poor decision-making, resistance to change, and inadequate alignment of organizational goals with market realities. Studies have shown that leadership failures often result in the inability to implement strategies effectively, leading to suboptimal organizational performance (Bello & Yusuf, 2025). Sokoto State banks, serving a predominantly agrarian and trade-focused economy, must contend with unique regional challenges that necessitate tailored leadership approaches to strategic management.
This study examines the role of leadership in strategic management within the banking sector in Sokoto State, exploring how leadership styles, competencies, and practices influence strategy formulation and implementation. It also aims to identify best practices and areas for improvement to enhance organizational performance.
Statement of the Problem
The effectiveness of leadership in driving strategic management processes is a concern for banks in Sokoto State. Despite adopting various strategies to improve their performance, many banks struggle with poor implementation, lack of accountability, and limited innovation (Abubakar, 2024). Leadership failures have been linked to organizational inertia, misalignment of goals, and insufficient stakeholder engagement, contributing to the underperformance of banks in the region (Mohammed, 2025).
A key issue is the disconnect between strategic plans and their execution, often attributed to leadership gaps. Furthermore, inadequate leadership development programs and a lack of adaptive strategies to respond to market dynamics exacerbate the problem. While previous studies have explored strategic management in banks, few have focused on the specific role of leadership within the Sokoto State banking sector. This gap in the literature underscores the need for a localized study that evaluates leadership's influence on strategic management outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
- To examine the role of leadership styles in the formulation of strategic plans in banks in Sokoto State.
- To assess the impact of leadership practices on the implementation of strategic management in the banking sector.
- To identify challenges and propose solutions for enhancing leadership effectiveness in strategic management within Sokoto State banks.
Research Questions
- What leadership styles are prevalent in banks in Sokoto State, and how do they influence strategic plan formulation?
- How do leadership practices affect the implementation of strategic management in banks?
- What challenges do leaders face in strategic management, and how can these challenges be addressed?
Research Hypotheses
- Leadership styles have a significant influence on the formulation of strategic plans in banks in Sokoto State.
- Leadership practices significantly impact the implementation of strategic management in the banking sector.
- Leadership challenges are significantly associated with the effectiveness of strategic management in banks.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on banks operating in Sokoto State and examines leadership roles in strategic management from 2023 to 2025. It excludes non-banking financial institutions and other sectors, limiting its generalizability. Challenges may include limited access to sensitive organizational data and potential biases in self-reported leadership assessments.
Definitions of Terms
- Leadership: The process of influencing and guiding individuals or teams toward achieving organizational goals.
- Strategic Management: The formulation, implementation, and evaluation of strategies to achieve long-term objectives.
- Banking Sector: Financial institutions engaged in activities such as deposit-taking, lending, and investment management.
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