BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A large number of organizations were organized based on the products and services they offered (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne, 2002). The 4Ps, which stand for product, pricing, place, and promotion, were given a lot...
Background of the Study
In the field of materials management, it is a well-known truth that the continuation of production or the delivery of services is contingent on a steady flow of necessary inventories. However, the challenge that faces those in charge of materials...
ABSTRACT
The study investigated the effects of physical distribution on sales of consumable goods in Lagos State, using UAC Nigeria Plc as the case study. Previous studies commonly focused on the activities of physical distribution ser...
1.1 Background of the Study
The optimization of supply chains has become an essential goal for manufacturers globally, as it directly affects costs, operational efficiency, and competitiveness. In Northern Nigeria, businesses face significant supply chain challenges, including logistica...
Background of the Study
Inventory management systems (IMS) are essential tools for retail businesses, enabling efficient stock tracking, minimizing waste, and ensuring product availability. For SMEs in Onitsha, a major trading hub in Nigeria, effective inventory managem...
Background of the Study
In recent years, online shopping has seen significant growth in urban centers across Nigeria, but its adoption in rural areas like Zuru LGA, Kebbi State, remains limited. Advertising plays a crucial role in shaping consumer behavior and facilitating...
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Rural markets play a vital role in the economic development of rural areas in Nigeria. In Mubi North LGA, Adamawa State, local markets are ce...
Background of the Study
Supply chain disruptions, ranging from logistics delays to supplier failures, pose significant risks to the financial stability of retail chains. For Shoprite, one of Nigeria’s largest retail chains, the ability to maintain an efficient sup...
Background of the Study
Lean supply chain practices are widely recognized for their potential to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and improve profitability by eliminating waste and optimizing resources throughout the supply chain (Ibrahim & Adebayo, 2024). These pract...
Background of the Study
The retail sector in Nigeria has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by urbanization, rising consumer demand, and the entry of international retail chains such as Shoprite. Logistics performance is a critical factor in the success o...
Background of the Study
Logistics costs, encompassing transportation, warehousing, and inventory management, play a significant role in determining product pricing strategies. In Nigeria, the volatility of these costs—due to factors such as fuel price fluctuations, i...
Background of the Study
Agile supply chain management refers to the ability of a supply chain to quickly adapt to changes in the market and external environment. It involves flexibility in production, logistics, and inventory management, enabling organizations to respon...
Background of the Study
Risk mitigation strategies in supply chain management are essential for addressing uncertainties and disruptions that can affect operations, product availability, and cost structures. As global supply chains become increasingly complex due to int...
Background of the Study
Warehouse management is a critical function within the supply chain, influencing the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and overall customer satisfaction of a business. Proper warehouse management practices involve the systematic organization of goo...
Background of the Study
Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) is a supply chain management strategy where the supplier takes responsibility for managing the inventory levels of a buyer. This collaborative approach aims to optimize inventory management, reduce stockouts, minimi...
Background of the study
Supply chain integration refers to the coordination and collaboration between various stakeholders in a supply chain to ensure seamless operations, from suppliers to consumers. In the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, supply chain integ...
Background of the study
Consumer demand fluctuations are a critical factor that influences supply chain performance in any industry. In the beverage industry, demand for products like Coca-Cola is affected by a variety of factors, including seasonality, consumer prefere...
Background of the study
Logistics performance is a crucial determinant of success in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, where companies face intense competition, low margins, and a need for efficient and responsive supply chains (Khan et al., 2024). FMCG comp...
Background of the study
Supply chain agility refers to a company’s ability to rapidly respond to changes in the market and adapt its supply chain operations to meet new demands or challenges (Lee et al., 2024). In the pharmaceutical industry, where the timely deli...
Background of the Study
Business analytics has become an indispensable tool for companies seeking to enhance their operations, especially in the highly competitive fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. According to Adamu and Oladele (2024), FMCG com...
Background of the Study
Supply chain resilience refers to the ability of supply chain networks to withstand, adapt to, and recover from disruptions. In Nigeria’s retail sector, resilient supply chains are critical for ensuring pro...
Background of the Study
Digital loyalty programs have become increasingly integral to retail marketing strategies, offering supermarkets an innovative way to retain customers and encourage repeat purchases. These programs, which utilize...
Background of the Study
Warehouse automation has become a crucial component in enhancing operational efficiency in retail businesses. Automated systems, such as barcode scanning, radio frequency identification (RFID), and robotic order...
Background of the Study
Inventory management is one of the most critical aspects of retail operations, directly affecting profitability, customer satisfaction, and operational efficiency. In supermarkets, managing stock levels, forecasting demand, and ensuring product avai...
Background of the Study
Augmented Reality (AR) has gained significant attention in the retail sector as a technology that enhances consumer engagement by blending the physical and digital worlds. In the fashion retail industry, AR has t...
Background of the Study
In the retail industry, customer experience is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in driving sales growth. Customer experience encompasses every aspect of a customer’s interaction with a retail bu...
Background of the study
Employee training is a critical component in the development of a workforce that can contribute effectively to the growth of a retail business (Ajayi & Adeyemi, 2024). In the retail industry, particularly supermarkets, employees are often the pr...
Background of the study
The integration of self-service technologies (SST) into retail environments has revolutionized the way customers interact with businesses, particularly in large shopping malls. Self-service technologies, such as self-checkout kiosks, digital price t...
Background of the Study
Service quality in retail businesses refers to the extent to which a business meets or exceeds customer expectations in areas such as product availability, store ambiance, staff responsiveness, and ease of transa...
Background of the Study
Supply Chain Management (SCM) plays a critical role in the success of businesses, especially in the retail sector, where efficient operations are crucial for customer satisfaction and business profitability. In the fashion retail industry, SCM invol...
Background of the Study
Demand planning and inventory optimization are critical aspects of supply chain management that significantly influence an organization’s operational efficiency. Effective demand planning ensures that an organization can forecast customer demand accurately...
Background of the Study
Digital transformation refers to the integration of digital technologies into all areas of a business, fundamentally changing how organizations operate and deliver value to customers. The banking and retail sectors have embraced digital transformation to streamli...
Background of the Study
In the context of supply chain management, demand and supply variability refer to fluctuations in the demand for products and the supply of raw materials or goods, respectively. For companies like Nestlé Nigeria, managing these variations effectively is cr...
Background of the Study
Transportation is a key component of supply chain management, as it directly affects the movement of goods from manufacturers to consumers. In the case of Nigerian Breweries, a leading beverage manufacturer, transportation bottlenecks—such as delays, route...
Background of the Study
Warehouse security plays an essential role in ensuring the smooth flow of goods and materials in manufacturing and distribution processes. The effectiveness of warehouse security measures directly affects operational efficiency, inventory management, and the over...
Background of the Study
Distribution channels are the pathways through which products reach consumers, playing a critical role in ensuring product accessibility. In Nigeria, the effectiveness of these channels is essential for market penetration and consumer satisfaction, particularly i...
Background of the Study
Supply chain disruptions can have a significant impact on product availability, affecting both consumer satisfaction and overall business performance. In Nigeria, disruptions in the supply chain often arise from infrastructural challenges, regulatory bottlenecks,...
Background of the Study
Transportation access plays a pivotal role in shaping consumer behavior by influencing how individuals access goods, services, and markets. In Nigeria, disparities in transportation access—ranging from well-connected urban ce...
Background of the Study :
Trade liberalization has been a driving force behind market reforms in Nigeria, fundamentally altering consumer welfare dynamics in regions such as Kano State. Since the early 2000s, the easing of trade restrictions and the promotion of open markets have transf...
Background of the Study :
Consumer behavior in the retail sector is influenced by a myriad of factors, including income levels, cultural trends, and market dynamics. In Lagos State, from 2000 to 2020, shifts in consumer preferences and purchasing patterns have been driven by changes in...