OPTIMUM DESIGN OF WATER INTAKE TOWER FOR AN EARTH DAM
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ABSTRACT
Water intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. It is observed that most dam intakes in Nigeria are not functional due to no way to monitor assets. In this work, the best type of tower was selected and the optimum design of the water intake tower was designed using Random Finite Element Method (RFEM) to analyses according to British standard specification (BS5059, BS8110; part 1, 2 and 3 and BS5337). The materials were utilized taking into account durability factors, actions of forces on the structure were analysed taking special attention to the geometry and type of water intake tower which was selected taking into consideration the best for a particular geometry (rectangular and circular). The design contains rectangular water intake tower which has an area of 1610 mm2, a thermal cracking of 0.039 mm < 0.2 mm, ratio of 0.0033 < 0.0053 and a minimum steel area of 500 mm2, the dam height of 6 m has thickness of concrete wall of 0.20 m, varied of the dam height (6 m, 10 m, 15 m and 20 m) corresponding thickness of concrete wall (0.20 m, 0.35 m, 0.50 m and 0.65 m), corresponding area of steel (1085 mm2, 1899 mm2, 2712 mm2 and 3525 mm2), corresponding uplift pressure (117.6, 196, 294 and 392) and corresponding maximum horizontal pressure (176.4, 490,1102.5 and 1960) respectively
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