DEVELOPMENT OF TWO PSYCHOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS FOR PREDICTING SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SELECTED WORK ORGANISATIONS
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ABSTRACT
The main objectives of this study are to: (i). develop two valid and reliable psychological instruments for assessing safety management practices (SMP) and situation awareness (SA) in accident-prone Nigerian work organizations; (ii). investigate the relationships between situation awareness and safety management practices in the selected Nigerian work organizations; ;(iii) determine how situation awareness and safety management practices would predict effective performance (commitment, involvement and general effectiveness) of workers in the selected Nigerian organisations (iv) . compare the differences in situation awareness between the selected Nigerian public and private sector organisations;(v ). determine the differences in safety management practices between the selected Nigerian private and public sector organisation;(vi) . examine gender differences in situation awareness among the employees of the selected Nigerian work organisations; and (vii). assess organisational cadre differences in situation awareness. To accomplish the set objectives, two inter-related studies were carried out, namely: (1). Development and standardisation of two psychological instruments (SAQ & SMPQ) and re-validation of Organizational effectiveness test (OEQ) with Nigerian sample. Here, local norms were established for the instruments. (2). Assessment study in which a test battery of seven instruments (BIO-DATA, SAQ, SMPQ, OCQ, JIQ, OEQ & OSQ) were administered concurrently to 600 participants sampled through Multi-Stage and Stratified randomisation techniques; selected from twenty –six( public and private) organisations considered to be accident-prone on equal number, gender and cadre basis. A total number of six hypotheses were postulated for the study out of which three were confirmed, while three were rejected. Relevant statistics were used in analysing data and findings showed that: (a). nine component factors were extracted from Safety management practices test, while three factors were extracted from Situation awareness test; (b). the developed instruments (SMPQ & SAQ) have high reliability coefficients and high concurrent validity coefficients with Offshore safety test (OSQ); (c). safety management practices and situation awareness were found to have significant positive correlation (r = 0.21*; P < 0.05 );(d). situation awareness and safety management practices significantly and positively predicted the effective performance (OC, JI & OE) of workers in the selected organisations; (e). the private sector organisations significantly scored higher than the public sector organisations on situation awareness; (f). no significant difference was established between organisational types on safety management practices; and (g). gender and cadres did not record significant differences on situation awareness. Finally, the findings, implications and limitations of the study were discussed, while recommendations, contributions to knowledge and suggestion for further research were put forward.
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