THE IMPACT OF DEMOCRATIC RULE ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF KOGI EAST SENATORIAL DISTRICT, 1999-2012
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Abstract
This study is an assessment of the Impact of Democratic Rule on Socio-Economic Development in Kogi East Senatorial District, from 1999 to 2012. This is predicated upon the assumption that democratic rule advance or foster socio-economic development and also, based on the belief that Nigeria, having returned to democratic rule in 1999, opened a new chapter to write a new history in developmental issues, it becomes empirical to assess the effects of democratic rule on socio-economic development using a case study. Invariably, Nigeria has faced developmental challenges for many years after her independence going through series of political instability and change of government over the years and the return to democratic rule in 1999 presented an epoch good enough for academic study. However, the case study, Kogi East Senatorial District becomes imperative for academic research because Kogi State being one of the poorest states of the nation has faced its own developmental challenges that makes it very important to understudy in order to identify the effects of democratic rule at the grassroots. However, the period under study is very significant because, immediately after the return to democratic rule in 1999, Kogi State witnessed a change in administration in 2003 and the subsequent administration was greeted with series of legal battles challenging the credibility of the election that brought it into power. Also, the period witnessed an intense political thuggery and thus, it is imperative to examine if socio-economic development could thrive under such heightened political situation. The study used three survey instruments (questionnaires, In-depth and Focus Group Discussion) to collect the primary data and the secondary data using documentary method. The data was quantitatively and qualitatively presented and analyzed through triangulation method. The Modernization Theory was adopted to analyze the phenomena of democratic rule, good governance and their effects on socio-economic development. The adoption of this theory is informed by the fact that the wave of democratic transition in Africa and many developing countries anchored the desire for development in line with the actualization of the dividends of democratic rule which is dependent on the manner of governance found at all levels in Nigeria. The study found out that, though not commensurate to the desires of the people, Kogi East Senatorial District has recorded some socio-economic development in areas such as growth in education, employment and social amenities, between 1999 to 2012. The study also found out that living standard of people has improved. Corruption, imposition of leaders, bad, visionless and unresponsive leadership/governance are chief among the challenges identified to be hindering the growth of democratic rule in the region. In view of this, the study recommends that leadership and governance be taken as key areas of priority to be tackled for the growth of democracy in order to advance socio-economic development. Corruption, which is at the core of the challenges hindering the growth of democratic governance in fostering socio-economic development must be sincerely and adequately tackled as urgent as possible.
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