EFFECT OF BACK EXTENSORS ENDURANCE EXERCISES ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLES IN PATIENTS WITH LONG-TERM MECHANICAL LOW-BACK PAIN
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Management of Long-Term Mechanical Low-Back Pain (LMLBP) poses a challenge to clinicians. McKenzie Protocol (MP) is a common efficacious conservative therapy but its use in addressing back muscles inhibition accompanying LMLBP is doubtful. However, back endurance exercise is suggested to enhance muscle reactivation. This study was designed to investigate the effect of static or dynamic back extensors endurance exercise in combination with MP on physiological and psychosocial variables in patients with LMLBP. Eighty four consecutive patients with LMLBP were recruited from the physiotherapy department of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching HospitalsComplex, Ile-Ife. They were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups; the MP Group (MPG) (n=29), MP plus Static Back Endurance Exercise Group (MPSBEEG) (n=27) and MP plus Dynamic Back Endurance Exercise Group (MPDBEEG) (n=28). MP involved standardized extension exercises, static exercise involved 10-seconds (sec) static-hold in five exercise progression positions in prone-lying while dynamic exercise was a 10-repetition (rep) variant of static exercise. At baseline, physiological and psychosocial variables were measured. Treatment was given thrice weekly for eight weeks and outcomes were assessed at the end of 4th and 8th week. Physiological variables namely pain intensity, muscle fatigue, static and dynamic endurance were measured using quadruple visual analogue scale, Borg Scale (BS), Biering-Sorensen Test (BST) and Repetitive Arch-Up Test (RAUT) respectively. Psychosocial variables measured were activity limitation, disability, fear-avoidance behaviour, and pain selfefficacy belief using Roland-Morris Back Pain Questionnaire (RMBPQ), Oswestry low- v back disability questionnaire, fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire, and Pain SelfEfficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) respectively. Data were analyzed using mean, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc tests at p=0.05. A drop-out rate of 20.2% was observed in the study. Twenty five, 22 and 20 participants in MPG, MPSBEEG and MPDBEEG respectively whose ages range between 38 and 62 years completed the study. Within-group comparison across the 3 time-points of the study showed significant differences in the physiological and psychosocial variables in MPG, MPSBEEG and MPDBEEG. There were significant differences in groups mean change scores on BST (14.6±8.44, 45.7±17.0 and 17.1±10.2 sec), RAUT (2.88±1.88, 12.9±11.1 and 10.7±6.51 rep), BS (12.6±2.16, 10.1±2.08 and 10.8±2.19), RMBPQ (3.36±0.76, 3.72±0.70 and 4.20±0.52) and mean rank score on PSEQ (26.6, 36.5 and 40.5) at week 4. Also, significant differences were observed in BST (29.6±8.44, 60.7±17.1 and 32.1±10.2 sec), RAUT (8.36±2.22, 18.1±10.1 and 16.6±6.24 reps), BS (3.88±1.67, 5.41±2.32 and 4.35±1.63) and mean rank score on PSEQ (23.5, 37.4 and 43.5) at week 8. Post-hoc test showed that MPSBEEG had significantly higher mean change in BST, RAUT and BS scores at week 4 and 8 respectively. The MPDBEEG had higher mean change in RMBPQ and PSEQ at week 4, and in PSEQ at week 8. Combining static back endurance exercise with Mckenzie protocol led to higher improvement in physiological variables of muscle endurance and reduction in fatigue while the addition of dynamic back endurance exercise resulted in higher improvement in psychosocial variables of activity limitation and pain self-efficacy. Combining static and dynamic back endurance exercise with Mckenzie protocol may be recommended in improving physiological and psychosocial variables in patients with LMLBP.
Related Project Materials
COSTS AND RETURNS OF SMALL SCALE HONEY BEE PRODUCTION
ABSTRACT
The study analysed costs and returns of small scale honey bee production in Ohaozara Local Government Area of E...
INTEGRATING RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS INTO VOCATIONAL TRAINING CURRICULA
ABSTRACT: Integrating renewable energy systems into vocational training curricula is critical for preparing students to meet the growing deman...
GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING FOR PUBLIC-PRIVATE INVESTMENTS:
GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING FOR PUBLIC-PRIVATE INVESTMENTS: This research aims to (i) analyze the current accounting practices for public-private inves...
CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF DIVORCE ON NEWLY MARRIED COUPLES
ABSTRACT
Marriage is an institution whereby men and women are joined in a special kind of social and legal dependence fo...
THE ROLE OF NEWSPAPER AND TELEVISION AS AGENT OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
ABSTRACT
This study was carried with the sole objective of determining the role of Newspaper and televi...
INVESTIGATION INTO THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE RUSSIAN INVASION OF UKRAINE
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to examine investigation into the causes and effects of the Russian invasion of Ukra...
UNDERSTANDING MARGINAL USE AND ABSOLUTE NONUSE OF DIGITAL LIBRARY RESOURCES AND SERVICES BY FACULTY MEMBERS IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Universities in Nigeria have invested in Digital Library Resources and Services (DLRS) so that staff and students can have acces...
INVESTIGATING INEC AND CHALLENGES OF MONITORING POLITICAL PARTY CAMPAIGN FINANCING IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF 2015 GENERAL ELECTION)
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Political parties are critical to the political process in modern cultures. In...
ESTIMATION OF SOIL HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS USING STRUCTURE AND TEXTURE
ABSTRACT
Hydrologic analyses often involve the evaluation of soil water in-filtration, conductivity, st...
FACTORS AFFECTING HOUSING DELIVERY
Abstract
Housing shortage is one of the most serious developmental challenges presently confronting Nigeria. Stakeholde...
