EFFECT OF URBAN RUNOFF AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF RIVER LANDZUN, BIDA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
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ABSTRACT
Urban runoff and human activities have become a major source of surface groundwater pollution sources most in developing nations where most of their domestic and toilet waste and deposited. The river landzum is located in Bida, Niger State, Nigeria which is the major river in Bida. The study assessed the effect of urban runoff and human activities or some physic-chemical parameters of lanzum Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. After triplicate determination in the three sampling locations of river landzum the result of physiochemical paramaters obtained from laboratory analysis indicated that the quality of river water in the study area varies in value from location is location which was due to non-point source such as domestic, agriculture, local industries and commercial activities activities. As a result non-point source river landzum is considered unsafe for human consumption direct. The laboratory analysis revealed the following results pH value 7.0 which is considered as best and ideal within the Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) compared to a lowest value of 646 obtained at Dokodza which is more acidic but slightly below the NIS standard. This reveals that the water may contain some ions which may be responsible at that point and it will be slightly sour if tested or drank. The study shows that the mean maximum temperature of (15.02±0.01Co ), minimum turbidity value of 3.2±0.01, total solids (108.51±0.01mg/l and dissolved oxygen value of 3.92±0.01 which is below the NIS standard of 5.0 NTU. Total solids (108.51±0.01mg/l) was obtained. Human activities such as urbanization, farming water withdrawal civic constructions, local industries, effluent from commercial settings, domestic waste the waste the mentioned washed down to the drainage which is triggered by torrential rainfall resulted to the pollution of the river. The effect of urban runoff on the environment rated as 39.4% account for loss of properties, 29.7% displacement of people 2.5% loss of lives and 28.2% for loss of live and properties which is much more pronounced at Laruta, Bangaie, Wanigi, Dokodza, Bangbara, Tuti-Jiba areas respectively. This often resulted diseases caused when consumed contaminated water to such as cholera, dysentery and diarrhea, more often the contaminated water contain dangerous or toxic substance and disease causing organisms. Though, the water is purpose such as irrigation, local industries, some domestic uses spiritual uses and animal consumption. As such Government, NGOs and all stakeholders should formulate mitgitable measures to check human activities and treat water from any source before use.
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