ASSESSMENT OF FIRE PREVENTION STRATEGIES IN THE DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE CONDOMINIUM BUILDINGS IN VICTORIA ISLAND, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
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- NGN 3000
Abstract
High-rise is generally a building that is greater than (22.5 m), and with 7 to 10 stories. They could also mean structures with improved construction activities and enriched with technology that will help in reducing land scarcity, urban density and can accommodate large families in a lesser space. Condominium on the other hand, is a building divided into several apartments or units, and each unit is occupied or managed by different individuals or people. It could also be used for residential, commercial and or industrial purposes. Despite the enormous advantages associated with high-rise buildings, there are challenges facing its development especially in Nigeria. The most notable among its risks is fire outbreak. The multiple floors in the building usually create a cumulative effect that requires many occupants to travel through vertical distances on stairs which will create escape problem during fire outbreak. Fire outbreak in high-rise buildings is always terrible as the occupants population make escape difficult or tedious. This study however, assesses fire prevention strategies available in of some high-rise condominium buildings in Lagos state, in order to suggest most suitable ones that can help in saving lives and properties. To achieve this, the researcher uses both qualitative and quantitative data collection through the use of structured observation schedule and questionnaires issued to the occupants of the selected high rise condominium buildings in Victoria Island, Lagos state. Descriptive research was adopted on selected high-rise condominium buildings. However, eleven (11) high-rise buildings were selected out of five hundred and eighty six (586) buildings using simple random and purposive sampling technique. Out of three hundred (300) close-ended questionnaires issued, two hundred and forty three (243) were returned. Data collected were analysed through descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages), pie charts and bar charts. Findings however, shows that 80% of the buildings observed makes used of active fire prevention strategies though some are not functional. In addition, 77% of the buildings have good ventilation. Many occupants of the selected high-rise buildings responded that most fire outbreaks are caused by electrical faults. Also, 52% of them however, responded not to have come across any fire safety instruction. As a result many occupants have little or no knowledge on fire safety measures and facilities within their building. This is why the researcher recommends that electrical cables and fittings should be of good quality and should be properly installed and monitored. Passive fire prevention strategies recommended are building form, shape of the roof, compartmentation of fire, intumescent coating, photo luminescent marking and fire resistance materials. More so, the occupants of such building should have requisite knowledge on fire safety instructions through awareness, education and information on the operational methods of any available fire prevention measures in the building as that will increase occupant’s cautiousness on fire risks. All these should be applied in designs and constructions of high-rise condominium buildings
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