ANTIDIARRHOAEL EFFECT OF METHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF HYMENOCARDIA ACIDA (EUPHOBIACEAE) IN LABORATORY ANIMALS
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for :
- NGN 3000
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of the methanol stem bark extract of Hymenocardia acida in some laboratory animals. They methanol stem bark extract of Hymenocardia acida (MEHA) was prepared from the freshly collected stem bark of the plant. The stem bark was collected from Galadimawa village, Giwa local government area of Kaduna State. The plant material was identified and authenticated by a botanist in the herbarium section of the Department of Botany Faculty of Life Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria and a voucher specimen (1275) was deposited for future reference. The plant material was washed, shade dried, pulverized and sieved to obtained fine powder. The powdered plant material was extracted with 70% v/v methanol by cold maceration for three days with occasional shaking and agitation. The mixture was then filtered using whattman No 1 filter paper and the filtrate was later concentrated over a water bath at temperature of 40 to 450C to obtained dried extract. The dried extract was kept in a bottle until needed for used. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out using thin layer chromatography analysis (TLC). Acute toxicity study was carried out using the method described in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines 423. Invivo antidiarrheal screening of the extract at the doses of 600, 300 and 150 mg/kg body weight was conducted using castor oil induced diarrhea model, castor oil induced enteropooling and gastric transit in mice model. In vitro study was carried out on isolated rabbit jejunum and guinea pig ileum using ugo basile microdynamometer, at extract concentration of (8 x 10-2 to 640 x 10-2 mg/ml) and thereafter interacted with spasmogens; acetylcholine and histamine at concentration of (2 x 10-5 to 16 x 10-5 ). Alkaloids, glycoside, saponin, tanins, triterpenes, flavonoids, and vii steroids were detected from the extract. The result of the acute toxicity study revealed the LD50 value to be in excess of 2000 mg/kg. The methanol stem bark extract of Hymenocardia acida at all doses investigated significantly (p≤ 0.05) and dose dependently delayed the onset of diarrhea in all the investigated groups in castor oil induced diarrhea model compared to the control group. The extract at the doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg also reduced the frequency of diarrheal feces compared to the negative control group. Significant reduction (p≤0.05) in the propulsive movement and transit of charcoal meal was observed at 600 mg/kg dose of the extract in gastric transit time in mice model. All extract treated groups produced significant reduction (p≤0.05) in the volume of fluid accumulation compared to the deionized water treated group in fluid accumulation test. The methanol stem bark extract (8 x 10-2 to 640 x 10-2 mg/ml) produced significant reduction in the tone and rate of spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum and relaxes guinea pig ileum. The extract upon interaction with the spasmogens; acetylcholine and histamine (2 x 10-5 to 16 x 10-5 ) inhibited contraction induced by both Acetylcholine and histamine in a concentration dependent manner. The result of this study suggests that the methanol stem bark extract of Hymenocardia acidapossess antidiarrheal activity that justified its ethnomedical use in the treatment of diarrhea by herbal practitioners.
Related Project Materials
ASSESSMENT OF THE CHALLENGES OF STAFF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to assess the challenges of staff training and development in terti...
AN EXAMINATION ON THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ON THE GROWTH OF REAL ESTATE
Background of the Study
Warri is a well-known oil producing city located in Delta State, Nigeria. It was named after the...
THE ROLE OF SELF HELP IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME: A CASE STUDY OF OBADAN VILLAGE UHUNMWODE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE
ABSTRACT
The aim of this investigation was to identify the roles...
THE EFFECT OF UNEMPLOYMENT ON YOUTHS IN NIGERIA SOCIETY
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of unemployment on youth in Ni...
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ON COOPERATIVE CREDIT SOCIETY’S WEALTH MAXIMIZATION IN NIGERIA: MODERATING ROLE OF RISK COMMITTEE SIZE
ABSTRACT
Risks are fundamentally a part of business operational models. They cannot be completely eliminated and, if not efficiently mana...
AN APPRAISAL OF THE APPLICATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES OF COMPOSITION, DUTIES AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS OF DIRECTORS UNDER NIGERIAN LAW
ABSTRACT
Corporate organizations are engine of growth and development. They contribute to economic and social development of individuals,...
FINANCIAL RECORD KEEPING AND CHALLENGES IN MICRO FINANCE BANKS
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Micro-finance is the supply of loans, savings, and other basic financial servic...
EXPLORING THE BENEFITS OF VIRTUAL REALITY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
ABSTRACT: This study Explored the Benefits of Virtual Reality in Early Childhood Education. The objectives o...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF ENDBADGOVERNANCE PROTEST ON NIGERIA ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF ENDBADGOVERNANCE PROTEST ON NIGERIA ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Chapter One...
ASSESSMENT OF PERSONAL INCOME TAX ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA A STUDY OF AKWA IBOM STATE BOARD OF INTERNAL REVENUE
Abstract
Creating a good tax system implies that taxes should be collected regularly, consistently, conveniently and aff...
