An investigation of the health impacts of poor sanitation in urban slums in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
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Background of the study
Poor sanitation in urban slums is a major public health challenge, particularly in rapidly growing cities like Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Inadequate sanitation infrastructure and waste disposal systems lead to the proliferation of waterborne diseases and other health hazards (Obi, 2023). This study investigates the multifaceted health impacts of poor sanitation on urban slum dwellers. Factors such as overcrowding, limited access to clean water, and insufficient waste management contribute to the spread of infectious diseases, including cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever (Ikechukwu, 2024). Moreover, poor sanitation exacerbates environmental contamination and undermines community well-being. By combining epidemiological data, community surveys, and health facility records, the research aims to quantify the burden of disease associated with poor sanitation practices. The study further examines the socio-economic implications, highlighting how inadequate sanitation disproportionately affects vulnerable populations and impedes urban development. Findings from this investigation are expected to inform public health policies and sanitation improvement programs, fostering safer and healthier urban environments (Chidinma, 2023).
Statement of the problem
Urban slums in Port Harcourt suffer from inadequate sanitation facilities, leading to severe public health challenges. The prevalence of waterborne diseases, environmental contamination, and limited access to clean water significantly affect the health and productivity of residents. Existing sanitation interventions are insufficient and poorly implemented, exacerbating the vulnerability of low-income communities. The lack of comprehensive data on the health impacts of poor sanitation hinders effective policy formulation and resource allocation. Addressing these issues is essential for improving public health outcomes in urban slums (Obi, 2023; Ikechukwu, 2024).
Objectives of the study:
• To assess the health impacts of poor sanitation in urban slums of Port Harcourt.
• To quantify the prevalence of sanitation-related diseases.
• To recommend interventions for improving sanitation and public health.
Research questions:
• What are the major health impacts associated with poor sanitation in urban slums?
• How prevalent are sanitation-related diseases in Port Harcourt slums?
• Which sanitation improvement measures can effectively reduce health risks?
Research Hypotheses:
• H1: Poor sanitation is significantly associated with increased incidence of waterborne diseases.
• H2: Inadequate sanitation infrastructure negatively affects community health.
• H3: Implementing improved sanitation facilities will reduce the burden of disease.
Significance of the study
This study is significant for its potential to enhance understanding of the health impacts of poor sanitation in urban slums. Its findings will guide public health policies, sanitation interventions, and community initiatives aimed at reducing disease prevalence and improving quality of life in Port Harcourt (Chidinma, 2023).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to investigating the health impacts of poor sanitation in urban slums in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
Definitions of terms:
• Poor Sanitation: Inadequate systems for waste disposal and hygiene facilities.
• Urban Slums: Densely populated urban areas characterized by substandard housing and limited services.
• Public Health: The science of protecting and improving community health through preventive measures.
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