Background of the study
Flooding is a recurring natural hazard that disproportionately affects low-income communities, causing significant socio-economic disruption. In Asaba, Delta State, inadequate infrastructure, poor urban planning, and climate variability have heightened flood vulnerability among marginalized populations (Ighodaro, 2023). This study assesses the extent and underlying causes of flooding vulnerability in these communities. Factors such as drainage system inefficiencies, encroachment on floodplains, and unregulated land use contribute to frequent flood events. Recent studies emphasize that integrating community-based adaptation, improved infrastructure, and early warning systems can significantly reduce flood risks (Obi, 2024). By examining historical flood data, community experiences, and local governance structures, the research aims to identify critical vulnerabilities and propose practical risk reduction strategies. The study is positioned at the intersection of environmental science, urban planning, and social justice, seeking to provide a robust framework for flood mitigation that protects both lives and livelihoods in low-income areas.
Statement of the problem
Low-income communities in Asaba face recurrent flooding, leading to property damage, loss of livelihoods, and health hazards. The inadequate urban infrastructure and poor floodplain management have heightened residents’ vulnerability. Existing flood management practices are insufficient and lack community involvement, resulting in repeated disaster occurrences. This study addresses the urgent need to understand and mitigate flooding risks in these vulnerable communities, thereby informing more effective and inclusive flood management policies (Ighodaro, 2023; Obi, 2024).
Objectives of the study:
• To assess the extent of flooding vulnerability in low-income communities in Asaba.
• To identify key infrastructural and social factors contributing to flood risk.
• To propose community-based flood risk mitigation strategies.
Research questions:
• What are the primary factors contributing to flooding vulnerability in low-income communities in Asaba?
• How does inadequate infrastructure exacerbate flood risks?
• What measures can effectively reduce flood vulnerability?
Research Hypotheses:
• H1: Poor drainage infrastructure significantly increases flood vulnerability.
• H2: Unregulated land use on floodplains intensifies flood risks.
• H3: Community-based adaptation strategies can reduce the impact of floods.
Significance of the study
This study is significant in highlighting the flooding vulnerabilities of low-income communities and informing policy interventions to reduce disaster risk. The findings will guide urban planners and community leaders in implementing effective flood mitigation measures, ultimately enhancing public safety and resilience (Obi, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to assessing flooding vulnerability in low-income communities in Asaba, Delta State.
Definitions of terms:
• Flooding Vulnerability: The susceptibility of an area to flood damage.
• Low-Income Communities: Populations with limited financial resources, often residing in high-risk areas.
• Risk Mitigation: Strategies aimed at reducing the impact of adverse events.
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