An appraisal of vote-buying and its effect on political representation: A case study of Port Harcourt City Local Government Area, Rivers State.
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Background of the Study
Vote-buying remains one of the most contentious practices in electoral politics, undermining the principles of fairness and democratic representation. In Port Harcourt City Local Government Area of Rivers State, allegations of vote-buying have surfaced in recent elections, prompting concerns about the integrity of political representation. This practice involves the exchange of money or favors for votes, thereby distorting the democratic process and marginalizing genuine political engagement (Ade, 2023). Extensive research has shown that vote-buying not only erodes public trust in the electoral system but also reinforces patron-client relationships that impede political accountability (Okafor, 2024). Recent field studies indicate that the prevalence of vote-buying adversely affects policy outcomes by prioritizing short-term gains over long-term community development (Chukwu, 2025). Against this backdrop, the study aims to critically examine the effects of vote-buying on political representation in Port Harcourt. It will analyze the socio-political mechanisms that facilitate this practice, assess its impact on voter behavior, and explore measures to curb its influence on local governance, thereby contributing to a more equitable electoral process.
Statement of the Problem
Vote-buying in Port Harcourt has led to significant distortions in the electoral process, compromising the integrity of political representation. Despite legal frameworks aimed at curbing this practice, its persistence continues to undermine democratic principles by marginalizing informed voter choice and fostering corruption. The disconnect between electoral laws and on-ground realities raises critical concerns about the effectiveness of current interventions. This study seeks to address these issues by examining the underlying factors that perpetuate vote-buying and its detrimental impact on the quality of political representation (Ade, 2023; Okafor, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
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To investigate the prevalence and patterns of vote-buying in Port Harcourt.
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To analyze the impact of vote-buying on political representation.
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To propose strategies to mitigate vote-buying and enhance electoral integrity.
Research Questions:
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What are the key factors contributing to vote-buying in Port Harcourt?
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How does vote-buying affect the quality of political representation?
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What measures can effectively reduce the incidence of vote-buying?
Research Hypotheses:
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H1: Vote-buying negatively impacts the level of political representation in Port Harcourt.
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H2: There is a significant relationship between vote-buying practices and reduced electoral transparency.
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H3: Implementing strict regulatory measures can diminish vote-buying incidences.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it critically examines the corrosive effects of vote-buying on political representation in Port Harcourt. The insights gained will help shape policies aimed at enhancing electoral integrity and fostering genuine democratic participation. The research provides actionable recommendations for curbing corrupt practices and strengthening local governance (Ade, 2023; Chukwu, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to exploring the practice of vote-buying and its effects on political representation in Port Harcourt City Local Government Area, focusing on electoral dynamics and voter behavior.
Definitions of Terms:
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Vote-Buying: The exchange of money or favors for electoral support.
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Political Representation: The process by which elected officials reflect the interests of their constituents.
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Electoral Integrity: The adherence to democratic norms and fairness in elections.
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