An examination of determinants of foreign trade performance in Nigeria: Evidence from the Nigerian Export Promotion Council
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Background of the Study :
Foreign trade performance is a key indicator of a nation’s economic health and competitiveness. In Nigeria, the Nigerian Export Promotion Council (NEPC) has been instrumental in enhancing export activities between 2000 and 2020 by implementing strategies designed to promote exports, diversify trade products, and improve market access (Oluwaseun, 2023). Determinants of foreign trade performance include export policies, infrastructural support, product quality, and market diversification. NEPC initiatives such as trade fairs, export incentives, and capacity-building programs have been central to efforts aimed at increasing the competitiveness of Nigerian exports (Adeniyi, 2024). Despite these initiatives, persistent challenges such as inadequate logistics, bureaucratic delays, and fluctuating global market conditions have limited export growth. This study investigates the key determinants that affect Nigeria’s foreign trade performance by analyzing NEPC initiatives, trade data, and qualitative feedback from industry stakeholders. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors driving export success and to identify opportunities for policy improvements that can enhance Nigeria’s global trade competitiveness (Chinwe, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Despite the efforts of the NEPC, Nigeria’s foreign trade performance has not reached its full potential. Structural challenges—including poor infrastructure, regulatory bottlenecks, and limited market access—continue to hinder export growth (Oluwaseun, 2023). The gap between policy initiatives and actual trade outcomes suggests that critical determinants of trade performance remain inadequately addressed. This study seeks to explore these determinants and evaluate their impact on export performance, aiming to identify the key barriers that restrict Nigeria’s trade competitiveness and to propose actionable recommendations for enhancing export outcomes.
Objectives of the Study:
1. To analyze the determinants influencing Nigeria’s foreign trade performance.
2. To assess the effectiveness of NEPC initiatives in boosting exports.
3. To propose policy recommendations for improving trade competitiveness.
Research Questions:
1. What are the key determinants of Nigeria’s foreign trade performance?
2. How effective are NEPC strategies in enhancing exports?
3. What policy measures can improve Nigeria’s trade competitiveness?
Research Hypotheses:
1. Effective export promotion strategies positively influence trade performance.
2. Infrastructural deficits negatively impact foreign trade.
3. Policy reforms can enhance export outcomes.
Significance of the Study (100 words):
This study is significant as it examines the determinants of Nigeria’s foreign trade performance with a focus on NEPC initiatives. Its findings will provide valuable insights for policymakers and trade experts regarding the factors influencing export success and the gaps in current strategies. By offering evidence-based recommendations, the research aims to enhance Nigeria’s global competitiveness, promote sustainable export growth, and contribute to overall economic development (Oluwaseun, 2023).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to evaluating determinants of foreign trade performance in Nigeria, focusing on NEPC initiatives from 2000 to 2020. It does not cover domestic trade or broader economic policies.
Definitions of Terms:
1. Foreign Trade Performance: The effectiveness of a country’s export and import activities.
2. Nigerian Export Promotion Council (NEPC): The agency responsible for enhancing Nigeria’s export capabilities.
3. Trade Competitiveness: The ability of a country’s exports to compete in international markets.
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