Background of the Study
Child abuse cases require sensitive yet rigorous forensic investigation to ensure justice and protection for vulnerable populations. In Epe Local Government Area, Lagos State, forensic anthropology is increasingly utilized to investigate suspected child abuse cases. Techniques such as skeletal trauma analysis, dental examinations, and soft tissue assessments are critical in documenting signs of abuse that may not be externally visible (Okoro, 2023). Advances in forensic imaging and DNA profiling have further refined the detection of subtle injuries and patterns indicative of abuse (Ibe, 2024). Nevertheless, cultural barriers, ethical concerns, and limited forensic resources complicate the investigative process (Chukwu, 2025). This study critically assesses the application of forensic anthropological methods in suspected child abuse investigations, evaluating the accuracy and reliability of these techniques while proposing recommendations to improve forensic response and support judicial outcomes in sensitive cases.
Statement of the Problem
In Epe, the investigation of suspected child abuse cases is often hampered by the subtle nature of injuries and challenges in evidence collection. Inadequate forensic protocols and limited expertise in child-specific trauma analysis result in under-documented abuse cases (Chukwu, 2025). These shortcomings can lead to prolonged legal disputes and hinder the protection of victims. This study aims to identify the gaps in current forensic practices and propose improvements to ensure that forensic evidence is comprehensive, reliable, and admissible in legal proceedings (Okoro, 2023).
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the role of forensic anthropology in child abuse investigations.
To identify challenges in detecting and documenting child-specific trauma.
To recommend improvements for forensic protocols in suspected child abuse cases.
Research Questions:
How effective are forensic anthropological methods in investigating child abuse?
What challenges hinder accurate documentation of abuse-related injuries?
What strategies can improve forensic evidence collection in child abuse cases?
Research Hypotheses:
H1: Specialized forensic imaging improves the detection of subtle abuse injuries.
H2: Inadequate training in child-specific trauma analysis negatively affects evidence quality.
H3: Standardized forensic protocols enhance the reliability of abuse investigations.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it enhances forensic approaches in addressing suspected child abuse cases. The findings will inform forensic practitioners, child protection agencies, and legal authorities by improving evidence collection protocols, ensuring robust documentation, and supporting judicial outcomes. Ultimately, the study contributes to the protection of vulnerable children and the integrity of forensic investigations (Ibe, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to the forensic anthropological methods used in investigating suspected child abuse cases in Epe Local Government Area, Lagos State. It does not include broader psychological or social investigations.
Definitions of Terms:
Child Abuse: The mistreatment or neglect of a child, often resulting in physical or psychological harm.
Trauma Analysis: The examination of injuries to determine their cause and timing.
Forensic Anthropology: The application of anthropological methods to legal investigations involving human remains.
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