Background of the Study
Digital surveillance has become increasingly prevalent as institutions and governments adopt sophisticated monitoring technologies to secure online environments. Among students in Calabar Municipal, concerns over digital surveillance have grown, affecting perceptions of online privacy and freedom of expression (Mbanefo, 2023). The implementation of surveillance measures—ranging from internet monitoring to data tracking—has sparked debates regarding the balance between security and individual privacy rights (Obinna, 2024). While digital surveillance can protect against cyber threats, it may also lead to feelings of vulnerability and mistrust among users, particularly students who rely heavily on online platforms for education and social interaction (Akpan, 2025). This study explores the effects of digital surveillance on online privacy among students, analyzing how these practices influence behavior, trust, and overall digital experience in academic settings.
Statement of the Problem
Digital surveillance practices in Calabar Municipal have raised significant concerns about online privacy among students. The pervasive monitoring of online activities may compromise personal data and inhibit free expression, leading to reduced trust in digital platforms (Ibrahim, 2023). These challenges not only affect academic performance but also contribute to broader issues of privacy rights. This study aims to investigate the extent to which digital surveillance impacts students’ perceptions of online privacy and to identify potential measures to balance security needs with privacy protection (Etuk, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
To assess the impact of digital surveillance on students’ online privacy.
To identify factors that influence perceptions of privacy under surveillance.
To propose measures to safeguard online privacy while maintaining security.
Research Questions:
How does digital surveillance affect online privacy among students?
What factors contribute to students’ perceptions of compromised privacy?
What strategies can balance digital security with privacy rights?
Research Hypotheses:
Digital surveillance significantly reduces perceived online privacy among students.
Increased awareness of surveillance practices correlates with heightened privacy concerns.
Implementing privacy-enhancing technologies improves students’ trust in digital platforms.
Significance of the Study
This study offers vital insights into the impact of digital surveillance on online privacy, particularly among students. Its findings will guide academic institutions and policymakers in developing strategies that protect individual privacy while ensuring digital security. The recommendations will contribute to a safer, more trustworthy online environment for students (Udo, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to students in Calabar Municipal Local Government and focuses exclusively on the effects of digital surveillance on online privacy.
Definitions of Terms:
Digital Surveillance: The monitoring of online activities through electronic systems.
Online Privacy: The right to keep personal digital information confidential.
Privacy-Enhancing Technologies: Tools designed to protect personal information online.
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