An examination of the preservation of indigenous culinary traditions among the Efik people in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State.
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Background of the Study
Indigenous culinary traditions are a cornerstone of Efik cultural identity in Calabar, reflecting centuries of gastronomic heritage and communal practices. Traditional recipes, cooking techniques, and food rituals have been passed down through generations, not only providing nutrition but also serving as expressions of cultural pride and social cohesion. These culinary practices are deeply embedded in celebrations, ceremonies, and everyday life, contributing to a shared sense of identity. However, the rapid spread of globalized food culture, urbanization, and the rise of fast food threaten the survival of these indigenous culinary traditions. Recent studies emphasize the importance of preserving traditional foodways as a means of safeguarding cultural heritage and promoting healthy diets (Etuk, 2023; Udoh, 2024). This study examines the current state of Efik culinary traditions and explores strategies for their preservation and revitalization (Inyang, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Indigenous culinary traditions among the Efik people are at risk due to modernization and the increasing influence of global food culture in Calabar. Traditional recipes and cooking methods are gradually being replaced by mass-produced alternatives, leading to a decline in cultural diversity and heritage. The loss of these culinary practices not only undermines cultural identity but also deprives future generations of a rich gastronomic heritage. There is limited research on effective preservation strategies for these food traditions. This study seeks to address this gap by evaluating the current state of Efik culinary practices and proposing methods for their preservation.
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the current status of indigenous Efik culinary traditions.
- To identify challenges in preserving traditional culinary practices.
- To propose strategies for sustaining and revitalizing Efik culinary heritage.
Research Questions:
- What is the current state of indigenous culinary traditions among the Efik people in Calabar?
- What challenges hinder the preservation of traditional Efik cuisine?
- How can indigenous culinary traditions be effectively preserved and promoted?
Research Hypotheses:
- Indigenous culinary traditions among the Efik people are significantly declining.
- Modernization negatively impacts the preservation of traditional culinary practices.
- Strategic preservation efforts can effectively revitalize Efik culinary traditions.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it underscores the importance of preserving indigenous culinary traditions for cultural heritage and public health. The findings will inform efforts to sustain traditional food practices, thereby supporting cultural identity and improving community well-being among the Efik people (Etuk, 2023; Udoh, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to examining the preservation of indigenous culinary traditions among the Efik people in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, and does not extend to other regions or culinary cultures.
Definitions of Terms:
- Indigenous Culinary Traditions: Traditional methods of food preparation and recipes passed down through generations.
- Cultural Heritage: The legacy of traditions, practices, and values inherent to a community.
- Culinary Preservation: Efforts aimed at maintaining and promoting traditional cooking methods and food practices.
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