An assessment of water scarcity and its impact on rural livelihoods in Isoko South Local Government Area, Delta State
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Background of the Study
Water scarcity has emerged as a pressing challenge in many rural communities, significantly affecting livelihoods, health, and agricultural productivity. In Isoko South Local Government Area, Delta State, limited access to safe and sufficient water has become a critical concern. The scarcity is attributed to climatic variability, over-extraction of groundwater, and inadequate water management infrastructure (Ibeh, 2023). This persistent challenge disrupts daily activities, compromises hygiene, and undermines economic opportunities, particularly in agriculture and small-scale enterprises. Rural households, which rely heavily on natural water sources, face increased hardships due to frequent water shortages and poor quality supply (Obi, 2024). The study delves into the multi-dimensional impacts of water scarcity on rural livelihoods, exploring both socio-economic and health dimensions. It examines current coping strategies adopted by communities and the effectiveness of governmental and non-governmental interventions. By providing a comprehensive analysis, this research aims to inform policy adjustments that can alleviate water scarcity and bolster sustainable rural development (Ibeh, 2023).
Statement of the Problem
Water scarcity in Isoko South has resulted in adverse effects on rural livelihoods, affecting agricultural productivity, health standards, and overall quality of life. The insufficiency of water supply has led to economic instability and increased vulnerability to waterborne diseases (Obi, 2024). Inadequate infrastructure and poor management practices further complicate the issue. This study seeks to identify the key factors contributing to water scarcity and assess its socio-economic impacts on the rural communities, thereby highlighting the urgent need for effective water resource management.
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the extent of water scarcity in Isoko South.
To assess the impact of water scarcity on rural livelihoods.
To recommend sustainable water management strategies.
Research Questions:
What is the current state of water availability in Isoko South?
How does water scarcity affect agricultural and household activities?
What strategies can mitigate the impacts of water scarcity?
Research Hypotheses:
H1: Water scarcity significantly reduces agricultural productivity in Isoko South.
H2: Limited water access adversely affects the health of rural communities.
H3: Sustainable water management practices can improve rural livelihoods.
Significance of the Study
This study highlights the critical impact of water scarcity on rural livelihoods, offering practical recommendations to improve water management. The findings will assist local policymakers and development agencies in designing targeted interventions that enhance water availability and support sustainable economic growth, ultimately improving community resilience (Ibeh, 2023; Obi, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to water scarcity and its impact on rural livelihoods in Isoko South Local Government Area, Delta State. The study does not consider urban water challenges.
Definitions of Terms:
Water Scarcity: The insufficient availability of water to meet human and ecosystem needs.
Rural Livelihoods: The means of living and economic activities predominantly practiced in rural areas.
Sustainable Water Management: The responsible planning and utilization of water resources to meet present and future needs.
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