Background of the study :
Environmental policies are increasingly recognized as essential components for achieving sustainable development in emerging economies. In Nigeria, the Ministry of Environment has been at the forefront of efforts to develop and implement policies aimed at balancing economic growth with environmental conservation from 2000 to 2020 (Nkechi, 2023). Such policies address issues ranging from pollution control and waste management to climate change adaptation and natural resource conservation. Sustainable development in Nigeria is challenged by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and resource depletion; hence, effective environmental policies are critical to ensuring long-term ecological and economic stability. Empirical evidence suggests that countries with robust environmental regulatory frameworks are better positioned to achieve sustainable development outcomes (Afolabi, 2024). However, policy implementation in Nigeria has been hindered by factors such as insufficient funding, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and limited public awareness (Chidera, 2025). This study critically examines the role of environmental policies in promoting sustainable development by evaluating policy impacts on environmental quality and economic performance. Through a combination of policy analysis, case studies, and stakeholder interviews, the research seeks to provide recommendations for strengthening environmental governance in Nigeria.
Statement of the problem
Despite the formulation of comprehensive environmental policies by the Ministry of Environment, Nigeria continues to face significant environmental degradation and sustainability challenges. Inadequate policy enforcement, limited funding, and weak institutional capacities have undermined the effectiveness of these policies. Consequently, the anticipated benefits of improved environmental quality and sustainable economic growth remain elusive. There is a critical need to investigate the reasons behind these shortcomings and to assess how environmental policies can be more effectively implemented to achieve sustainable development goals (Nkechi, 2023).
Objectives of the study:
Research questions:
Research Hypotheses:
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it evaluates the impact of environmental policies on sustainable development in Nigeria. The insights will assist the Ministry of Environment and policymakers in identifying key obstacles and opportunities for strengthening environmental governance. By providing actionable recommendations, the research contributes to achieving a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation (Afolabi, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to assessing the impact of environmental policies on sustainable development in Nigeria through the Ministry of Environment only.
Definitions of terms:
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