An investigation of public sector efficiency and economic growth in Nigeria: A case study of the Federal Civil Service Commission (2000–2020).
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Background of the Study:
Public sector efficiency is widely recognized as a critical determinant of economic growth. In Nigeria, the Federal Civil Service Commission (FCSC) is instrumental in ensuring effective governance and administrative excellence. Over the past two decades, efforts have been made to streamline bureaucratic processes, reduce redundancies, and introduce performance-based reforms aimed at improving service delivery (Eze, 2023). The FCSC has spearheaded initiatives to modernize the civil service by implementing training programs, performance evaluations, and digitalization of processes, which are intended to boost administrative efficiency (Ibrahim, 2024). Despite these efforts, challenges such as bureaucratic inertia, inadequate funding, and resistance to change have frequently limited the effectiveness of these reforms. Recent studies suggest that improved public sector performance can have a significant multiplier effect on economic growth, yet the transformation remains incomplete (Okoro, 2025). This study explores the degree to which public sector reforms, as implemented by the FCSC, have influenced economic growth and identifies the institutional challenges that must be overcome to realize the full benefits of administrative modernization.
Statement of the Problem:
Despite numerous reform initiatives, the Nigerian public sector continues to struggle with inefficiencies that impede economic progress. The FCSC has faced challenges in fully implementing modern administrative practices due to resource constraints, entrenched bureaucratic cultures, and inadequate staff training (Eze, 2023). These issues result in delayed service delivery and reduced effectiveness in policy implementation, thereby negatively affecting economic growth (Ibrahim, 2024). The problem lies in the gap between reform intentions and actual administrative performance. Addressing these discrepancies is critical for devising strategies that enhance public sector efficiency, which in turn could provide a significant boost to national economic development (Okoro, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
• To assess the impact of public sector reforms on administrative efficiency.
• To evaluate the role of the FCSC in implementing performance-based changes.
• To propose strategies for enhancing public sector efficiency to stimulate economic growth.
Research Questions:
• How have public sector reforms influenced the efficiency of the Federal Civil Service Commission?
• What are the main challenges affecting administrative performance in the public sector?
• What strategies can be adopted to improve public sector efficiency and foster economic growth?
Research Hypotheses:
• H1: Public sector reforms have a significant positive impact on administrative efficiency.
• H2: Institutional support from the FCSC is critical for successful reform implementation.
• H3: Inefficiencies in the public sector adversely affect overall economic growth.
Significance of the Study:
This study is significant as it highlights the relationship between public sector efficiency and economic growth. By analyzing administrative reforms implemented by the FCSC, it provides valuable insights into how improved governance can stimulate economic performance and informs recommendations for policy enhancements (Eze, 2023; Ibrahim, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to analyzing public sector efficiency in relation to the Federal Civil Service Commission, focusing on administrative reforms and their economic implications. It does not extend to other government agencies.
Definitions of Terms:
• Public Sector Efficiency: The effectiveness of government institutions in delivering services and implementing policies.
• Federal Civil Service Commission (FCSC): The agency overseeing civil service administration in Nigeria.
• Economic Growth: The increase in a nation’s productive capacity as a result of improved governance and policy effectiveness.
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