Background of the Study
Government reforms designed to enhance accountability are crucial for improving service delivery and public trust. In Nigeria, initiatives between 2023 and 2025 have focused on strengthening oversight, increasing transparency, and enforcing stricter performance standards within public institutions (Okafor, 2023). The theoretical rationale is that accountability reforms reduce corruption, improve efficiency, and ensure that public funds are used in accordance with developmental priorities. Empirical studies have demonstrated that when accountability measures are rigorously applied, they lead to better governance outcomes and more effective public service delivery (Afolabi, 2024). These reforms include digital reporting systems, independent audits, and participatory governance mechanisms that involve civil society and stakeholders in monitoring government performance. However, challenges remain due to entrenched bureaucratic cultures and political interference, which may dilute the impact of accountability initiatives (Chinwe, 2025). This study investigates whether recent government reforms have led to tangible improvements in public sector accountability and how these changes translate into better governance and economic outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the implementation of accountability reforms, public sector inefficiencies and corruption persist in Nigeria. The core problem is that even with increased transparency measures, the impact of reforms is often compromised by bureaucratic resistance and political pressures (Ibrahim, 2024). This leads to continued mismanagement of public funds and undermines efforts to improve service delivery. The disconnect between policy reforms and on-the-ground realities erodes public trust and hampers economic development. This study seeks to understand the barriers that prevent accountability reforms from achieving their full potential and to evaluate the overall effectiveness of these initiatives in fostering a culture of accountability within the public sector (Nwankwo, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study examines public sector accountability reforms in Nigeria from 2023 to 2025, using government documents, audit reports, and stakeholder interviews. Limitations include potential bias in self-reported data and challenges in isolating the reforms’ impacts from broader political dynamics.
Definitions of Terms
– Public Sector Accountability: The obligation of government officials to be answerable for their actions and decisions.
– Reforms: Policy initiatives aimed at improving governance and operational efficiency.
– Transparency: The openness of government operations to public scrutiny.
– Stakeholder Participation: Involvement of citizens and civil society in monitoring government performance.
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