Background of the study
Navigating large campus environments presents significant challenges for visually impaired individuals, often limiting their independence and access to educational opportunities. In Kano Municipal LGA, traditional navigational aids are frequently inadequate, leaving visually impaired students and staff to rely on assistance from others. The advent of IoT-based smart campus navigation systems offers an innovative solution by integrating technologies such as Bluetooth beacons, GPS, and sensor networks to create an accessible, real-time navigation framework. These systems use audio cues, haptic feedback, and mobile applications to guide users through complex environments, providing precise directional assistance and obstacle detection (Okoro, 2023). By continuously collecting data from multiple sensors installed across the campus, the system can dynamically update navigation routes to account for temporary obstructions, construction, or changes in campus layout. This ensures that visually impaired users receive accurate and up-to-date guidance that fosters greater autonomy and confidence. Additionally, the integration of IoT technology in campus navigation aligns with broader initiatives to create inclusive and smart educational environments that leverage technology to improve accessibility. Despite its promise, the implementation of these systems faces several challenges, including high initial costs, technical maintenance issues, and the need for robust data security protocols to protect user privacy. Moreover, ensuring that the system is user-friendly for individuals with varying levels of digital literacy is essential for its success. This study aims to design and implement an IoT-based smart campus navigation system tailored to the needs of the visually impaired in Kano Municipal LGA, assessing its impact on user independence and overall campus accessibility (Okoro, 2023; Ibrahim, 2024).
Statement of the problem
Visually impaired individuals in Kano Municipal LGA face significant navigational challenges on campus, primarily due to the inadequacies of traditional guidance systems that fail to provide real-time, adaptive support. The lack of efficient navigational tools not only restricts their mobility but also limits their academic and social engagement. Although IoT-based smart navigation systems have the potential to offer real-time, precise directional guidance, their implementation is hindered by several factors. High installation costs, system complexity, and concerns regarding data privacy and security impede the widespread adoption of these technologies. Additionally, the variability in campus infrastructure and dynamic environmental conditions often render static navigation aids ineffective, necessitating a system that can adapt in real time. Furthermore, the limited technical proficiency among some users can create barriers to effective utilization of advanced navigation tools. These challenges collectively undermine the independence of visually impaired individuals, impacting their overall campus experience and academic performance. This study aims to investigate these issues by evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of an IoT-based smart campus navigation system designed specifically for the visually impaired. It will analyze technical, operational, and user-related challenges, and propose a framework that optimizes system performance while ensuring ease of use and robust data security (Okoro, 2023; Ibrahim, 2024).
Objectives of the study
To design a prototype IoT-based campus navigation system for the visually impaired.
To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in providing real-time, adaptive navigational support.
To identify and address technical and user-interface challenges.
Research questions
How effective is the IoT-based navigation system in guiding visually impaired users on campus?
What technical challenges affect the system’s performance?
How can user training and interface design be optimized for better accessibility?
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it explores innovative solutions to enhance campus accessibility for visually impaired individuals through IoT-based navigation systems. The findings will benefit educational institutions, policymakers, and technology developers by providing a roadmap for creating more inclusive environments, thereby improving independence and academic engagement (Okoro, 2023; Ibrahim, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study
The study is limited to IoT-based campus navigation systems for the visually impaired in Kano Municipal LGA. Limitations include high installation costs and potential data security issues.
Definitions of terms
IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that collect and share data automatically.
Campus Navigation System: A technology-based system designed to assist users in navigating large campus environments.
Visually Impaired: Individuals who have significant limitations in sight, affecting their ability to navigate independently.
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