The impact of retirement on mental well-being among older adults in Ekiti State
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Background of the Study
Retirement represents a major life transition that can significantly impact the mental well-being of older adults. In Ekiti State, as individuals exit the workforce, they may experience changes in identity, social networks, and financial stability. While retirement can offer opportunities for relaxation and leisure, it can also lead to feelings of purposelessness, isolation, and depression if not managed properly (Okonkwo, 2023; Afolabi, 2024). The shift from a structured work environment to retirement may result in reduced daily stimulation and a loss of social interaction, both of which are critical for maintaining mental health. Furthermore, inadequate planning for retirement and financial insecurity can exacerbate stress and anxiety during this transition. Although some retirees may experience improved well-being due to reduced work-related stress, many in Ekiti State face challenges that negatively affect their mental health. Understanding the psychological impact of retirement and identifying factors that influence mental well-being is essential for developing supportive interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of life for older adults in retirement.
Statement of the Problem
In Ekiti State, retirement has been associated with mixed mental health outcomes, with many older adults reporting feelings of depression, anxiety, and loss of identity following the cessation of work. The transition to retirement often leads to a disruption in social networks and daily routines, which can precipitate mental health issues if not adequately addressed. Financial concerns and a lack of structured activities further compound these challenges, leaving many retirees vulnerable to mental health decline (Uche, 2023). Despite the recognition of retirement as a critical period for mental health intervention, there is limited research that specifically examines its effects on older adults in Ekiti State. The absence of comprehensive support systems and targeted mental health programs for retirees contributes to poor psychological outcomes and a diminished quality of life. Addressing these issues requires an in-depth investigation into the mental health challenges associated with retirement and the development of tailored interventions to support older adults during this transition.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the impact of retirement on mental well-being among older adults in Ekiti State.
2. To identify factors that influence mental health outcomes during retirement.
3. To propose interventions that support positive mental health during retirement.
Research Questions
1. How does retirement affect the mental well-being of older adults in Ekiti State?
2. What factors contribute to poor mental health outcomes post-retirement?
3. What interventions can enhance mental well-being among retirees?
Research Hypotheses
1. Retirement is significantly associated with increased levels of depression and anxiety among older adults.
2. Financial insecurity and loss of social networks are major predictors of poor mental health post-retirement.
3. Targeted retirement transition programs will significantly improve mental well-being.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on retirees aged 60 and above in Ekiti State. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews, and psychological assessments. Limitations include potential selection bias and cultural variability in retirement experiences.
Definitions of Terms
• Retirement: The phase of life when individuals cease full-time employment.
• Mental Well-Being: The overall state of psychological health, including aspects such as depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction.
• Transition Programs: Interventions designed to support individuals during major life changes.
• Financial Insecurity: Lack of stable financial resources affecting quality of life.
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