The role of family support in managing dementia among the elderly in Kano State
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Background of the Study
Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects cognitive function, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. In Kano State, the prevalence of dementia is rising among the elderly, posing significant challenges for both individuals and their families. Family support plays a critical role in managing dementia, as it not only helps in the day-to-day care of affected individuals but also provides emotional and social stability. In many Nigerian communities, including Kano State, extended family networks are traditionally strong, and families often assume primary responsibility for the care of elderly relatives (Umar, 2023; Musa, 2024). However, modern societal changes, urban migration, and economic pressures are challenging these traditional caregiving models. As dementia progresses, the need for consistent and comprehensive care increases, placing a substantial burden on family members who may lack adequate resources and training. Despite the central role of family in dementia care, there is limited research on how family support influences treatment outcomes and quality of life for individuals with dementia in Kano State. Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing community-based support programs and interventions that can assist families in managing the condition effectively.
Statement of the Problem
In Kano State, the management of dementia among the elderly is heavily reliant on family support. However, many families face significant challenges in providing adequate care due to financial constraints, lack of training, and the emotional toll of caregiving. These challenges often lead to suboptimal care, rapid cognitive decline, and reduced quality of life for those affected. Furthermore, the shift towards nuclear family structures and urban migration has eroded traditional support systems, leaving some elderly individuals isolated and without sufficient care. The absence of formal support networks and community resources exacerbates the burden on families, making it difficult to manage the complex needs of dementia patients effectively. This situation calls for an in-depth evaluation of the role of family support in managing dementia in Kano State, as well as the identification of strategies to strengthen family caregiving through training, community engagement, and government support.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the role of family support in the management of dementia among the elderly in Kano State.
2. To identify the challenges faced by families in providing care for dementia patients.
3. To propose interventions to enhance family caregiving and improve dementia management outcomes.
Research Questions
1. What is the role of family support in managing dementia among the elderly in Kano State?
2. What challenges do families encounter in providing effective care?
3. What strategies can strengthen family support systems for dementia care?
Research Hypotheses
1. Strong family support is significantly associated with better health outcomes in dementia patients.
2. Financial and educational challenges negatively affect the quality of family caregiving.
3. Training and community support programs will significantly improve dementia management outcomes.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on families caring for elderly individuals with dementia in selected communities in Kano State. Data will be collected through caregiver surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. Limitations include potential reporting bias and variability in family structures.
Definitions of Terms
• Dementia: A group of symptoms affecting memory, thinking, and social abilities.
• Family Support: Assistance provided by family members in caregiving and emotional support.
• Caregiving: The act of providing care for individuals with health challenges.
• Quality of Life: The general well-being of individuals in terms of health, comfort, and happiness.
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