An investigation into sexual risk behaviors among university students in Lagos State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
University life is often characterized by exploration and social experimentation, which may include engaging in sexual activities. In Lagos State, university students represent a dynamic and diverse population, yet studies indicate that many engage in high-risk sexual behaviors that predispose them to HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (Okafor, 2023; Akinola, 2024). These behaviors include inconsistent condom use, multiple sexual partnerships, and early initiation of sexual activity. Influenced by peer pressure, a desire for social acceptance, and exposure to diverse lifestyles, students may lack the necessary knowledge and resources to make safe sexual decisions. While numerous programs exist to promote sexual health, the university setting in Lagos is still a critical environment where risky behaviors are prevalent, and intervention efforts may not be sufficiently targeted.
The transition from adolescence to adulthood within the university context brings challenges related to autonomy and responsibility. Furthermore, urban influences and exposure to mass media can both inform and misinform students regarding safe sex practices. The anonymity and freedom experienced on campuses may also reduce the perceived risk of engaging in unsafe sexual behaviors. As such, investigating the factors that influence sexual risk behaviors among university students is essential for developing targeted interventions aimed at reducing the spread of HIV and other STIs. By examining the interplay between knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to sexual health, this study aims to generate insights that could inform university health programs and policy strategies in Lagos State.
Statement of the Problem
In Lagos State, a growing number of university students engage in sexual risk behaviors that significantly increase their vulnerability to HIV infection and other STIs. Despite the availability of sexual health information and preventive services, there is evidence that risky behaviors such as inconsistent condom use and multiple concurrent partnerships remain common. The lack of comprehensive sexual education, coupled with cultural taboos and misconceptions, contributes to poor decision-making among students (Uche, 2023). Additionally, the high-pressure environment of university life may lead to experimentation and reduced caution in sexual practices. Current interventions have not adequately addressed the specific needs of this demographic, resulting in a persistent gap between knowledge and practice. This gap underscores the necessity for a detailed investigation into the sexual risk behaviors of university students to inform effective, context-specific prevention strategies.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors among university students in Lagos State.
2. To identify the factors that influence these behaviors, including peer pressure and access to sexual health information.
3. To propose intervention strategies aimed at reducing risky sexual behaviors and promoting safe sex practices.
Research Questions
1. What is the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors among university students in Lagos State?
2. What factors influence students’ engagement in risky sexual practices?
3. How can targeted interventions reduce sexual risk behaviors in this population?
Research Hypotheses
1. There is a significant association between peer pressure and the engagement in sexual risk behaviors among university students.
2. Limited access to accurate sexual health information correlates with higher rates of risky sexual practices.
3. Comprehensive, targeted sexual education interventions will reduce sexual risk behaviors.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on undergraduate students from selected universities in Lagos State. Data will be gathered through anonymous surveys, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Limitations include potential underreporting due to the sensitive nature of sexual behavior and selection bias.
Definitions of Terms
• Sexual Risk Behaviors: Activities that increase the likelihood of contracting STIs, such as unprotected sex and multiple sexual partnerships.
• STIs: Sexually transmitted infections.
• Sexual Health Education: Programs designed to provide information on safe sexual practices.
• Peer Pressure: The influence exerted by peers to conform to certain behaviors.
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