Background of the Study
Healthcare financing is a critical determinant of the sustainability and quality of healthcare services. In Kwara State, Nigeria, the structure and adequacy of financing mechanisms—whether through government funding, health insurance schemes, or out-of-pocket expenditures—directly affect the availability, accessibility, and quality of healthcare services. Adequate financing ensures that healthcare facilities are well-equipped, staffed, and able to provide comprehensive care to the population (Adeniran, 2023). However, many regions in Kwara State struggle with chronic underfunding, leading to deteriorating infrastructure, shortages of essential medicines, and poor service delivery. Innovative financing models, including public-private partnerships and community-based insurance schemes, have been proposed to address these challenges, yet their implementation and long-term sustainability remain uncertain. Recent evidence suggests that sustainable healthcare financing can lead to improved health outcomes and reduced inequities, but only if the financing system is well-managed and responsive to local needs (Okoro, 2024). This study aims to examine the effect of healthcare financing on the sustainability of healthcare services in Kwara State, identifying key factors that influence funding adequacy and resource allocation (Ibrahim, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
In Kwara State, inadequate healthcare financing continues to undermine the sustainability of public healthcare services. Many facilities face frequent shortages of essential supplies and deteriorating infrastructure, which compromise the quality of care provided. The heavy reliance on out-of-pocket payments has also limited access to care for economically disadvantaged populations, contributing to health inequities. Despite efforts to implement health insurance schemes and other innovative financing models, enrollment and effective utilization remain low. This persistent gap between financing needs and resource availability hinders the ability of healthcare providers to deliver consistent and high-quality services. Without sufficient and sustainable financing, the overall performance of the healthcare system in Kwara State is compromised, ultimately affecting population health outcomes and economic stability (Chukwuma, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on public healthcare facilities in both urban and rural areas of Kwara State. Data will be collected from financial records, policy documents, and interviews with healthcare administrators. Limitations include potential variability in regional funding and challenges in isolating financing effects from other systemic factors.
Definitions of Terms
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