An Investigation of IoT-Based Smart Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems in Jos South LGA, Plateau State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the study:
Fire safety is a critical concern in public buildings, particularly in densely populated urban areas such as Jos South LGA, Plateau State. Traditional fire sprinkler systems rely on manual maintenance and static control, which can delay activation during emergencies. An IoT-based smart automatic fire sprinkler system offers a modern solution by integrating sensors, real-time data processing, and automated control to detect and respond to fires rapidly (Ibrahim, 2023). These systems continuously monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, smoke density, and humidity, enabling the early detection of fire hazards. Once a potential fire is detected, the system automatically triggers the sprinkler mechanism, minimizing the spread of flames and reducing damage. Real-time alerts are transmitted to fire control centers and building management, facilitating prompt emergency responses and coordinated evacuation procedures (Adeniyi, 2024). Moreover, the system records data on activation events, maintenance needs, and system performance, which aids in predictive maintenance and continuous improvement of fire safety protocols (Udo, 2025). The integration of IoT into fire safety systems not only enhances the speed and accuracy of responses but also supports compliance with modern safety standards, ultimately protecting lives and property. This investigation seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of IoT-based fire sprinkler systems in improving fire response and minimizing damage in public buildings within Jos South LGA.
Statement of the problem:
In Jos South LGA, conventional fire sprinkler systems are hampered by their reliance on manual maintenance and static control, which often delays response times during fire emergencies (Ibrahim, 2023). The lack of real-time environmental monitoring means that early signs of fire are frequently missed until the situation escalates, leading to greater damage and increased risk to occupants. Furthermore, traditional systems do not provide immediate alerts to emergency responders, resulting in uncoordinated evacuations and prolonged exposure to hazardous conditions (Adeniyi, 2024). The absence of automated data logging and predictive maintenance also contributes to frequent system malfunctions and maintenance delays, which compromise overall fire safety. Financial constraints and limited technological upgrades further exacerbate these issues, leaving many public buildings vulnerable to fire hazards. Without an IoT-based, automatically responsive fire sprinkler system, the region remains exposed to preventable fire disasters that could result in loss of life and significant property damage. Addressing these shortcomings by implementing a smart, data-driven fire safety system is imperative to enhance emergency response and safeguard public spaces in Jos South LGA (Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT-based automatic fire sprinkler system for real-time detection and response.
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To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in reducing fire damage and improving emergency response times.
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To recommend strategies for integrating the system with existing fire safety protocols.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT-based system in detecting early signs of fire and triggering automatic sprinkler activation?
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What improvements in emergency response and damage reduction are observed after implementation?
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How can the system be integrated with current building safety measures to enhance overall fire protection?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant because it introduces a smart, IoT-based solution to enhance fire safety in public buildings. By enabling real-time detection and automated response, the system can reduce fire-related damages, improve emergency response, and ultimately save lives in Jos South LGA.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the investigation of IoT-based smart automatic fire sprinkler systems in public buildings in Jos South LGA, Plateau State. It does not extend to other fire safety technologies or different geographic regions.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that exchange real-time data.
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Fire Sprinkler System: A system designed to automatically discharge water in the event of a fire.
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Predictive Maintenance: The use of data analytics to anticipate and prevent equipment failures.
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