Design and Implementation of IoT-Based Smart Water Metering for Residential Areas in Yola North LGA, Adamawa State
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Background of the study:
Water management is a critical urban challenge, particularly in rapidly growing residential areas where water wastage and inefficient billing systems are prevalent. In Yola North LGA, Adamawa State, increasing demand and limited infrastructure have led to significant challenges in water distribution and management. IoT-based smart water metering systems offer an innovative solution by enabling real-time monitoring of water usage, enhanced billing accuracy, and improved resource allocation (Lawal, 2023). These systems employ sensor technology and wireless communication networks to continuously measure water consumption, promptly detect leaks, and provide data analytics to both consumers and utility providers. Traditional water metering methods, which often rely on manual readings and periodic inspections, suffer from inaccuracies and delays that contribute to water loss and revenue leakage. In contrast, IoT-based smart water meters automate data collection and facilitate immediate detection of anomalies, significantly reducing wastage and ensuring fair billing practices (Babatunde, 2024). This technology not only empowers residents with real-time insights into their water usage but also enables utility companies to optimize distribution, reduce maintenance costs, and improve overall service delivery (Aminu, 2025). With mobile applications and user-friendly interfaces, smart water metering systems enhance consumer engagement and support sustainable water management practices. The integration of these systems in Yola North LGA is poised to serve as a scalable model for other urban areas facing similar water management challenges.
Statement of the problem:
Residential areas in Yola North LGA face significant challenges in managing water consumption due to outdated metering systems and inefficient billing processes. Traditional water meters, which rely on manual readings, often yield inaccurate measurements and delay the detection of leaks, leading to substantial water loss and revenue discrepancies (Abdulrahman, 2023). The lack of real-time monitoring further prevents prompt identification and resolution of issues, resulting in increased wastage and higher operational costs. Moreover, the current infrastructure does not support proactive maintenance or predictive analytics, leaving water utility companies ill-equipped to optimize resource allocation. The fragmented approach in water management creates a gap between actual and billed consumption, undermining customer trust and causing disputes. Addressing these challenges is crucial for ensuring sustainable water usage, reducing wastage, and improving the efficiency of water distribution in residential areas.
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT-based smart water metering system that enables real-time monitoring of residential water consumption.
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To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in reducing water wastage and improving billing accuracy.
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To propose strategies for integrating smart water metering systems into existing water management infrastructures.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT-based smart water metering system in providing accurate and real-time data on water consumption in residential areas?
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What challenges are associated with implementing IoT technologies in water metering?
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How can the integration of smart water metering systems enhance the efficiency of water resource management in Yola North LGA?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it offers insights into the transformative potential of IoT-based smart water metering systems for improving water management. The findings will provide practical recommendations for reducing wastage, enhancing billing accuracy, and optimizing resource allocation, thereby contributing to sustainable urban development and improved service delivery.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the design and implementation of an IoT-based smart water metering system for residential areas in Yola North LGA, Adamawa State. It does not cover other IoT applications in water management or other regions.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that communicate data in real time to optimize operations.
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Smart Water Metering: The use of sensor-based technology to monitor and record water consumption in real time.
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Real-Time Monitoring: The continuous observation and data collection of water usage as it occurs, enabling immediate analysis and response.
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