Background of the Study:
Health insurance is widely regarded as a mechanism to improve access to healthcare by reducing out-of-pocket expenses and providing financial protection. In Katsina State, the implementation of health insurance schemes aims to mitigate the economic barriers that prevent individuals from seeking medical care. Despite the potential benefits, enrollment rates in health insurance programs remain low in many parts of the state, particularly among low-income populations (Okeke, 2023). Factors such as lack of awareness, affordability issues, and distrust of formal financial institutions hinder the widespread adoption of health insurance. Inadequate government subsidies and limited provider networks further restrict the benefits that insured individuals can access. Recent studies have underscored the role of health insurance in promoting preventive care and reducing the financial burden of healthcare costs (Aminu, 2024).
The expansion of health insurance has the potential to improve healthcare access by encouraging timely medical consultations and reducing delays in treatment. In Katsina State, health insurance schemes could address disparities in healthcare access by ensuring that even the most economically disadvantaged individuals can receive quality care. However, challenges remain regarding the coverage and quality of available insurance plans. Additionally, the integration of health insurance into the broader healthcare system requires effective regulatory oversight and continuous monitoring to ensure that the schemes are meeting their objectives (Ibrahim, 2025). This study aims to investigate the role of health insurance in improving healthcare access in Katsina State by examining enrollment patterns, benefit utilization, and the impact on overall healthcare access among different socioeconomic groups.
Statement of the Problem:
In Katsina State, despite the introduction of health insurance programs designed to increase access to healthcare, enrollment remains suboptimal, especially among low-income populations. Financial constraints, coupled with a lack of awareness about the benefits of health insurance, have resulted in limited participation in these schemes (Umar, 2023). The inadequate coverage contributes to high out-of-pocket expenditures, which deter individuals from seeking timely medical care and often lead to the worsening of health conditions. Moreover, the perceived inefficiencies and bureaucratic hurdles associated with insurance claims further discourage enrollment and utilization. These issues have led to persistent inequities in healthcare access, with vulnerable groups disproportionately affected by the high costs of treatment. The disconnect between the potential of health insurance to improve healthcare access and the reality on the ground underscores the need for a comprehensive investigation into the factors influencing insurance enrollment and utilization in Katsina State.
Objectives of the Study:
Research Questions:
Research Hypotheses:
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study focuses on various health insurance schemes in Katsina State, examining their reach among different socioeconomic groups. Limitations include reliance on self-reported enrollment data and potential regional disparities in scheme availability.
Definitions of Terms:
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