An examination of antimicrobial resistance awareness in Katsina State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global health threat, and its implications are particularly severe in regions with high rates of infectious diseases and limited healthcare resources. In Katsina State, the widespread misuse and overuse of antibiotics have contributed to the emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens. Despite efforts to promote rational antibiotic use, public awareness of AMR remains low, exacerbating the problem (Umar, 2023). AMR threatens the effectiveness of standard treatments, leading to prolonged illness, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality.
Awareness of antimicrobial resistance is critical for curbing its spread. In Katsina State, the general population, as well as healthcare providers, may lack sufficient knowledge regarding the appropriate use of antibiotics and the dangers of self-medication. This knowledge gap contributes to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and consumption practices, further accelerating the development of resistance. Educational campaigns and stewardship programs have been initiated, yet their reach and impact have not been thoroughly evaluated (Aminu, 2024).
The study aims to examine the current level of AMR awareness among the public and healthcare professionals in Katsina State. By evaluating knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antibiotic use, the research seeks to identify key gaps in understanding and areas where targeted educational interventions could be most beneficial. Additionally, the study will explore the relationship between AMR awareness and actual prescribing and consumption behaviors. These insights will help inform policy and public health strategies aimed at reducing the burden of antimicrobial resistance in the region (Fatima, 2025).
Statement of the Problem :
Antimicrobial resistance in Katsina State is a growing concern, yet public and professional awareness of this issue remains limited. The improper use of antibiotics—stemming from self-medication, over-prescription, and a lack of adherence to treatment guidelines—has contributed significantly to the development of drug-resistant infections. This lack of awareness undermines efforts to implement effective antibiotic stewardship and exacerbates the overall public health burden (Ibrahim, 2023).
Low levels of AMR awareness lead to irrational prescribing practices among healthcare providers and improper use by patients, further fueling resistance. Additionally, misinformation and cultural beliefs regarding the efficacy of antibiotics contribute to their misuse. The resulting rise in resistant infections poses a significant threat to effective disease management, leading to longer hospital stays, increased medical costs, and higher mortality rates. Current educational campaigns appear to have limited penetration and fail to address the root causes of irrational antibiotic use (Chukwu, 2024).
This study seeks to address these issues by evaluating the level of antimicrobial resistance awareness among both the general public and healthcare professionals in Katsina State. By identifying the key determinants of knowledge and behavior related to antibiotic use, the research aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for improving AMR awareness and promoting rational antibiotic use. Ultimately, enhancing awareness is essential for mitigating the impact of AMR and safeguarding public health.
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the level of awareness of antimicrobial resistance among the public and healthcare professionals in Katsina State.
- To identify factors contributing to irrational antibiotic use.
- To recommend strategies to improve AMR awareness and antibiotic stewardship.
Research Questions:
- What is the current level of antimicrobial resistance awareness in Katsina State?
- What factors contribute to irrational antibiotic use among the public and healthcare providers?
- What interventions can effectively enhance AMR awareness and promote rational antibiotic use?
Research Hypotheses:
- H1: Low AMR awareness is significantly associated with higher rates of irrational antibiotic use.
- H2: Educational interventions targeting both the public and healthcare providers will improve AMR awareness.
- H3: Improved AMR awareness will correlate with a reduction in irrational antibiotic prescriptions.
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study focuses on selected healthcare facilities and communities in Katsina State. Limitations include reliance on self-reported data and potential variability in AMR awareness across different demographic groups.
Definitions of Terms:
- Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): The ability of microorganisms to withstand the effects of an antimicrobial medication that once could successfully treat the infection.
- Rational Antibiotic Use: The appropriate prescribing and consumption of antibiotics to maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize resistance.
- Antibiotic Stewardship: A set of coordinated strategies to improve the use of antibiotics.
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