An Assessment of the Prevalence of Substance Abuse Among University Students in Niger State
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Background of the Study
Substance abuse among university students is a growing concern worldwide, affecting academic performance, mental health, and overall well-being. In Niger State, increased exposure to stress, peer pressure, and the availability of various substances contribute to a rising trend of drug and alcohol misuse among university students. The campus environment often exposes students to social situations where substance use is normalized, and limited access to counseling services further exacerbates the problem (Chukwu, 2023; Umar & Garba, 2024). Substance abuse can lead to long-term health issues, including addiction, mental disorders, and impaired cognitive function. Despite these risks, there is a paucity of research examining the prevalence and factors contributing to substance abuse in Niger State’s higher education institutions. This study aims to assess the extent of substance abuse among university students, explore its underlying determinants, and evaluate its impact on academic and personal outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
University students in Niger State are increasingly engaging in substance abuse, a behavior that jeopardizes their health and academic success. Factors such as academic pressure, social influences, and easy access to illicit substances have contributed to this trend. However, limited empirical data exists on the prevalence of substance abuse within this demographic, making it difficult for university administrators and public health officials to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies. The lack of awareness, coupled with social stigma, often prevents students from seeking help. As a result, substance abuse remains underreported and inadequately addressed. This study seeks to bridge this gap by systematically investigating the prevalence of substance abuse among university students, identifying associated risk factors, and providing recommendations for policy and programmatic interventions that can mitigate its impact.
Objectives of the Study
1. To determine the prevalence of substance abuse among university students in Niger State.
2. To identify the socio-demographic and environmental factors that contribute to substance abuse.
3. To propose strategies for prevention and intervention within university settings.
Research Questions
1. What is the prevalence of substance abuse among university students in Niger State?
2. What factors influence substance abuse in this population?
3. What interventions can effectively reduce substance abuse among students?
Research Hypotheses
1. A significant proportion of university students in Niger State engage in substance abuse.
2. Peer pressure and academic stress are major predictors of substance abuse among students.
3. Targeted awareness and counseling programs will reduce substance abuse rates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on selected universities in Niger State. Data will be collected through structured questionnaires, focus groups, and interviews. Limitations include potential underreporting due to social stigma and challenges in obtaining a representative sample.
Definitions of Terms
• Substance Abuse: The harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and drugs.
• University Students: Individuals enrolled in higher education institutions.
• Prevalence: The proportion of individuals within a population who engage in substance abuse.
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