The impact of pesticide residue in food consumption on health in Kwara State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
The use of pesticides in agriculture is a common practice aimed at enhancing crop yields and controlling pests. However, the residual presence of pesticides in food products is a growing concern in Kwara State. Pesticide residues can remain on fruits, vegetables, and grains even after harvest, and when these foods are consumed, they may pose serious health risks to consumers. Exposure to pesticide residues has been linked to a range of health issues including acute poisoning, endocrine disruption, and long-term risks such as cancer (Bello, 2023; Okeke, 2024).
In Kwara State, where agriculture forms a significant part of the economy, there is widespread use of chemical pesticides. Many farmers do not adhere strictly to the recommended guidelines regarding pesticide application and withdrawal periods, leading to higher residue levels in harvested produce. Additionally, poor post-harvest handling and storage practices further contribute to the persistence of these chemicals in the food supply chain. Recent research indicates that chronic exposure to pesticide residues, even at low levels, can lead to cumulative health effects, thereby posing a serious public health challenge (Chukwu, 2024).
Consumer awareness about the dangers of pesticide residues is often limited, and regulatory oversight on pesticide use and residue levels may be inadequate. This situation is exacerbated by the lack of accessible testing facilities and inconsistent enforcement of safety standards. The present study aims to investigate the extent to which pesticide residues are present in foods consumed in Kwara State and to assess their impact on consumer health. By correlating dietary intake data with health outcomes and residue analysis, this research seeks to provide robust evidence on the risks associated with pesticide exposure and to recommend effective regulatory and educational interventions (Uche, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
In Kwara State, the presence of pesticide residues in food has emerged as a significant public health concern. Despite the critical role of pesticides in ensuring agricultural productivity, their improper use and inadequate adherence to safety protocols have resulted in elevated residue levels in the food supply. This situation exposes consumers to potential health hazards, ranging from acute poisoning to chronic illnesses such as endocrine disorders and cancer (Adebayo, 2023).
The lack of stringent regulatory monitoring and enforcement, combined with limited consumer awareness, means that many individuals are unknowingly exposed to harmful pesticide residues. In addition, the absence of accessible and reliable testing facilities for pesticide residues further complicates efforts to ensure food safety. As a result, health issues related to pesticide exposure have become more prevalent, posing a burden on local healthcare services and affecting the overall well-being of the population (Ogunleye, 2024).
This study aims to fill the existing research gap by systematically evaluating the levels of pesticide residues in food products in Kwara State and assessing their impact on public health. Understanding the magnitude of the problemand the associated health outcomes is essential for developing targeted interventions, improving regulatory frameworks, and educating consumers about the risks of pesticide exposure.
Objectives of the Study
- To quantify the levels of pesticide residues in commonly consumed food products in Kwara State.
- To evaluate the health impact of pesticide residue exposure on consumers.
- To recommend regulatory and educational strategies to mitigate pesticide residue risks.
Research Questions
- What are the levels of pesticide residues in food products in Kwara State?
- How does pesticide residue exposure affect consumer health?
- What interventions can effectively reduce pesticide residue risks?
Research Hypotheses
- Food products in Kwara State contain pesticide residues above safe limits.
- There is a significant association between pesticide residue exposure and adverse health outcomes.
- Strengthening regulatory oversight and consumer education will reduce health risks from pesticide residues.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on selected agricultural markets and food outlets in Kwara State. Data will be collected through laboratory residue analysis, health surveys, and interviews. Limitations include potential variability in residue levels due to seasonal factors and limited access to certain rural areas.
Definitions of Terms
- Pesticide Residue: The trace amounts of pesticides that remain on food products after application.
- Consumer Health: The overall physical well-being of individuals as affected by dietary exposure.
- Regulatory Oversight: The process of monitoring and enforcing compliance with food safety standards.
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