THE APPLICATION OF ANDRAGOGY IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE
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BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The process of acquiring new knowledge, skills, and perspectives is known as learning. In the course of a human life, learning can be said to have begun in the womb and continue right up until the moment of death, thanks to the numerous forms of stimulation offered by parents, teachers, and other members of the community, as well as from the natural occurrences that are encountered by humans throughout their lives. Since of this, it is impossible to separate people from education because education is a process that is carried out by each person in the purpose of improving themselves. When discussing human potential, academics talk about investigating anything from playground equipment to underground tunnels. Because of his role as a primary mover and shaker in the educational system, the role of the education, whether it be a teacher or a lecturer, is critical to the accomplishment of educational objectives. The caliber of the instructor or speaker plays a significant role in determining the standard of the educational education. (Wang & Storey, 2015) [citation needed]
Intelligence, inventiveness, and a high level of discipline are three fundamental components that must be included in character education (Fathurrochman & Apriani, 2017). Learning is fundamentally something that can be accomplished by everyone, including children and adult individuals. The idea of continuing one's education after reaching adulthood is gaining more and more attention as an essential component of education (andragogy). Education or learning endeavors with adults demand unique ways and tactics, and one must have a firm grasp on the notion of theory that is founded on the assumptions or understanding of adults as students. With the help of theoretical ideas, adult learners may accomplish their goals, whether they be to develop or realize the ideals of lifelong education, by engaging in learning activities or making efforts within the framework of developing or realizing lifetime education.
In the context of the teaching and learning process, lecturers in their capacity as educators are required to have knowledge of approaches for adult students. This is necessary in order for students to be able to learn in an effective and efficient manner based on a theoretical approach that achieves the desired goal (Saleh & Mujiyanto, 2017; Martina, Syafryadin, Saputra, Rakhmanina, 2020). Teaching the presenting skills that are employed in the English classroom is one of the steps that must be taken before having a plan. M. Knowles' andragogy education theory is adaptable to any and all cultural contexts and may be proposed to any and all educational settings. When learning is approached with an awareness and learning of adults as learners, the process of recruiting people into a learning framework will be made more successful and productive. Adults would learn not from "subject plans," as is the case in pedagogy, but rather through "design processes" if the andragogy technique that was proposed by M. Knowles is used. Individuals will engage in education with one another in an atmosphere of mutual respect as part of the current educational process. This will include adults locating and sharing their knowledge and experiences with other adult students (Taylor, 2009).
EFL stands for English for Foreign Learners, and it is a program in which native speakers of languages other than English instruct students from countries where English is neither the primary or secondary language. As is well knowledge, the first language spoken in this nation is the Mother tongue, and the second language spoken here is Indonesian. It presented challenges for English language learning for the students in Indonesia. As a result, it is quite fascinating to be preserved in a more precise manner while attracting andragogy of EFL students in the English Study Program. It is anticipated that by looking into it, useful information will be obtained regarding how to teach EFL students in ways that would result in improved academic performance on their part. Due to this fact, researchers are enthusiastic about the prospect of carrying out a study with the working title Teaching English by Utilizing the Andragogy Approach for EFL Students in Iain Curup. Following the completion of this investigation, the subsequent research will get outcomes connected to the andragogy-approved analysis. If such is the case, then this study may provide useful information for IAIN Curup.
Andragogy is a kind of education that is used for teaching students who are old enough to be called adults. As a result, andragogy is defined as a learning of learning that makes it easier for students to reach their educational objectives and prepares them to function effectively as self-directed learners and instructors. Knowles and Srinivasan define andragogy as "both the art and the science of assisting adults in their transition to the role of learner." Andragogy, in contrast to pedagogy, operates under a fundamentally different set of principles, according to Knowles. [Citation needed] In its most basic form, andragogy operates on the assumptions of self-concept, experience, learning readiness, and learning orientation (Pelatihan et al., n.d.). The teaching method known as andragogy is geared at older students. One might get the conclusion that andragogy is a learning process that assists people in the development of their thoughts and requirements. It is common practice for lecturers to teach students by using andragogical methods of instruction. Having said that, the fact is that the capacity of the instructor to implement the andragogy method is still one that has to be enhanced (Wang & Storey, 2015).
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Andragogy, often known as adult education, is the art as well as the science of assisting people in carrying out various learning tasks (Rahman & Elshap, 2018). Adult education may be defined as a structured and ongoing learning process for people who have reached adult status based on the primary aspects of their social position. The ultimate goal of adult education is to bring about changes in the learner's knowledge, attitudes, values, and abilities (Rahman & Elshap, 2018). The approach that is taken needs to make reference to the concept of adult education, which is known as andragogy. This concept includes the following four aspects: a. educational material or curriculum needs to be oriented based on the needs and interests of students (subject matter centered orientation), b. learning orientation is based on solving problems faced by students (problem centered orientation), and c. time perspective becomes important for students. That is to say, adults study for the here and now rather than for the future, and d. the subject matter must be suited to the experiences acquired by students, since, at their core, they are adults who have accumulated experience throughout their lives (Juddah, 2015). But does the method of adult education lend itself well to the instruction of all subject areas, most notably English, in secondary schools? This study seeks to address this.
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