Undernutrition, particularly stunting, remains a significant public health challenge in many developing regions, including Kebbi State in Nigeria. Stunting, defined as low height-for-age, is a condition caused by chronic undernutrition during critical periods of growth and development, primarily the first 1,000 days of a child's life. In Kebbi State, high levels of poverty, inadequate healthcare, poor sanitation, and limited access to nutritious food have contributed to the high rates of undernutrition and stunting among children under five. The state, predominantly rural, faces challenges such as inadequate maternal education, limited breastfeeding practices, and food insecurity, all of which exacerbate undernutrition. This study seeks to examine the extent and causes of undernutrition and stunting in children under five years old in Kebbi State, focusing on the underlying socio-economic, cultural, and environmental factors.
Despite efforts to improve child health and nutrition in Nigeria, Kebbi State continues to experience high rates of undernutrition and stunting, which negatively affect children's physical and cognitive development. The long-term consequences of stunting include increased susceptibility to infections, poor academic performance, and a higher risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. Limited access to healthcare services, inadequate maternal knowledge about nutrition, and poor dietary practices among children contribute to the persistence of undernutrition. Given the importance of addressing these issues early, this study aims to explore the factors contributing to undernutrition and stunting in children under five years old and assess the effectiveness of current interventions.
The study will focus on children under five years of age in both rural and urban communities within Kebbi State. It will explore both the nutritional status of children and the socio-economic conditions of their families. Limitations of the study include possible difficulties in accessing remote communities due to poor infrastructure and transportation issues, as well as reliance on caregivers' self-reporting, which may introduce bias.
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