AN EVALUATION OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Qualitative
- Historical
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
Background of the study
Federalism has developed as one of the most popular models of governance because to its integrative ability to assess the various political life of multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multi-lingual countries. Federalism, on the other hand, is a one-of-a-kind type of governance. This is due to the fact that it entails the structure of the state in such a way that it promotes unity while conserving existing diversities under an overall national entity (Majekodunmi, 2015).
Though, in Nigeria, the practice of federalism has remained a scary terrifying because of the twisted form of the federal system, which has led to severe contestations among the integral people, leading in endless fiddling and disintegration. The difficulty Nigeria has had to face is how to save an efficient and successful central administration that would help preserve national peace while also providing free choice for the multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multi-lingual important portions of the country (Lanre, 2017).
Nigeria is a country of amazing variety, as well as tremendous complexity. These complications are a result of the avalanche of ethno-cultural and religious groups that coexist on the area, as well as the complexity of interaction among them. Indeed, Nigeria's journey towards religious and ethnic heterogeneity owes its origins to colonial invasion, which allowed for the conquering of the whole continent of Africa beginning in the early nineteenth century. In the case of Nigeria, the union of the Northern and Southern protectorates resulted in the country being multi-ethnic and multi-lingual.
Perhaps aware of the latest challenges to the developing nation-future state's political stability, the founding fathers desired a structure of governance that would neutralize the political risks while accommodating the different interests of the many ethno-cultural groupings. This aim subsequently manifested itself as a diversity management approach in the federal form of government. However, it should be noted that, with the advent of the 1979 and 1999 constitutions, there has been a profound change in the country's practice of federalism in the sense that the system has been practiced in an awkward manner, calling into question whether Nigeria is truly operating a true federal system. This topic has been exacerbated by a recent damning study by the United States Government's national intelligence council, which predicted that Nigeria would cease to exist as a nation-state by 2020.
Given this context, and given that the operation of the system as a whole began in 1914, what is the continued relevance of the federal concept in Nigeria? This is against the backdrop of the system's previous flaws and the ramifications for political stability.
1.2 Statement of the problem
The federal political structure was established to foster national unity in a plural society such as Nigeria, as well as to retain the different social identities treasured by its constituent sections. Furthermore, the federal system's application in the Nigerian context, as well as the Nigerian political system, have continued to function with a minimum of unity and variety. The material of Nigerian Authority is gradually deteriorating as a result of competition fueled mostly by cultural common mistrust. Nigeria embraced federalism as a way of achieving the country's long-needed aim of national unity among people of many religions, ethnicities, and cultures. In essence, the adopted federalism is expected to reduce massively destructive inter-ethnic competition and tension, alleviate the commonly assumed fear of majority and minority domination, and bring government closer to the people and give these diverse groups more opportunities, thereby integrating the country; however, the opposite is the case, as unification has resulted in unequal power sharing and resource allocation among the general populous across the country. Particularly between majority and minority ethnic groupings. The problem of power and resource allocation imbalance among people has generated a significant divide as the ethnic majority has dominated the few minorities in many spheres of life in the country, particularly in power and resource allocation. The dominance of some state areas as well as minority ethnic groups has produced a vast void that has led to ethno-religious strife across the country, making it necessary for us to critically evaluate Nigerian federalism.
1.3 Objective of the study
The broad objective of this study is to present a critical assessment of the Nigerian Federalism. Specifically the study seeks to:
1. To examine why Nigeria, adopt a federal system of government
2. To investigate the problems of Nigeria Federalism
3. To explore the prospect of Nigerian federalism
1.4 Research question
- What are the reasons that prompted Nigeria, adopt a federal system of government
- What the problems attached to the true practice Federalism in Nigeria
- What are the prospect to enhance Nigerian federalism
1.5 Significance of the study
Findings from the study will be relevant to the government, law makers and all the public stakeholders. The research will enlighten them on the need to reevaluate the current practices of Nigeria Federalism in other to favour all ethnic groups as well fulfil the goal of unification. More so findings will add to the body of empirical knowledge and serve as reference material to scholars and student who wishes to conduct further studies in related field.
1.6 Scope of the study
The scope of this study borders on a critical assessment of Nigeria Federalism covering the third and fourth republic.
1.7 Research Methodology
This research adopted a qualitative outlook. Data were generated through secondary sources of data collection. In preparing this article several books, journal articles, newspapers, and magazines were systematically reviewed and discussed the case under investigation. More so the design adopted is case study approach considering the nature of the topic because this approach helps the scholar to understand the depth case or cases under investigation. Provides an in-depth understanding of a case or cases under examination. It also assists in Developing an in-depth explanation and examination of a case.
1.8 Limitation of the study
An attempt was made to conduct a comprehensive research work on this project so as to make it a board base text to all manner of people. However, the inadequate finances and limited time period allowed for the completion of this project was not considered enough and could not allow for a thorough and in-depth work to be done.
1.9 Definition of terms
Federalism: Federalism is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a general government (the central or "federal" government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system.
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