An Assessment of Barriers to Antenatal Care Attendance Among Rural Women in Kano State
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Background of the Study
In rural areas of Nigeria, access to quality healthcare services, including antenatal care (ANC), remains a challenge. Kano State, one of Nigeria's most populous states, faces significant barriers to healthcare access, particularly for rural women. Antenatal care is a proven method for improving maternal and child health, yet many women in rural Kano State either do not attend ANC or seek inadequate care due to a combination of factors such as distance to healthcare facilities, financial constraints, cultural beliefs, and lack of education (Sulaiman et al., 2023). Understanding these barriers is essential for developing targeted interventions to improve ANC attendance and, consequently, pregnancy outcomes in rural Kano.
Statement of the Problem
Despite national and state-level efforts to improve maternal health, many women in rural Kano State still do not attend antenatal care or delay seeking care until later in pregnancy. These delays and missed appointments contribute to preventable complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Identifying the specific barriers to ANC attendance is critical for devising strategies to increase utilization of these essential services.
Objectives of the Study
1. To identify the barriers to antenatal care attendance among rural women in Kano State.
2. To assess the impact of these barriers on maternal and child health outcomes in rural Kano.
3. To provide recommendations for improving antenatal care attendance in rural Kano State.
Research Questions
1. What are the key barriers preventing rural women in Kano State from attending antenatal care?
2. How do these barriers affect maternal and child health outcomes in rural Kano State?
3. What strategies can be implemented to improve antenatal care attendance among rural women in Kano State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Economic and geographical barriers are the primary factors hindering ANC attendance among rural women in Kano State.
2. Delays in seeking antenatal care significantly increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth in rural Kano.
3. Providing targeted interventions will significantly increase ANC attendance among rural women in Kano State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on rural women in Kano State, assessing the barriers to ANC attendance and their impact on maternal and child health. Limitations may include challenges in accessing remote villages and potential recall bias when respondents report past healthcare behaviors.
Definitions of Terms
• Antenatal Care Attendance: The act of seeking and attending healthcare services during pregnancy to monitor maternal and fetal health.
• Barriers to ANC: Obstacles that prevent pregnant women from accessing antenatal care, including financial, cultural, geographical, and educational factors.
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