An Evaluation of Obesity Trends and Dietary Habits Among Secondary School Students in Kwara State
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Background of the Study
Obesity has become a growing public health concern worldwide, affecting individuals of all age groups, including adolescents. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified childhood and adolescent obesity as a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension (Okonkwo & Adeyemi, 2024). Changes in dietary habits, increased consumption of processed and high-calorie foods, and reduced physical activity have contributed to rising obesity rates among students (Adebayo & Tijani, 2024).
In Nigeria, the prevalence of adolescent obesity is increasing, with urban areas experiencing higher rates due to lifestyle changes and the availability of fast food (Usman & Bello, 2024). Kwara State, with its blend of urban and rural communities, provides a unique case for studying obesity trends among secondary school students. While past studies have highlighted obesity as an emerging issue, there is limited research focusing on the dietary patterns of students in Kwara State and their correlation with obesity trends (Olaniyan et al., 2023).
This study aims to evaluate obesity trends among secondary school students in Kwara State, assess their dietary habits, and provide evidence-based recommendations for improving adolescent nutrition and preventing obesity-related health risks.
Statement of the Problem
The increasing prevalence of obesity among secondary school students in Kwara State raises significant public health concerns. Many students consume high-fat, high-sugar diets while engaging in limited physical activity, leading to a growing burden of weight-related health conditions (Adebayo & Tijani, 2024). However, there is a lack of empirical data on the dietary habits of students in the state and how these habits contribute to obesity trends (Okonkwo & Adeyemi, 2024).
Existing school-based nutritional interventions are often inadequate or poorly enforced, making it difficult to address rising obesity rates (Usman & Bello, 2024). Without comprehensive data on obesity trends and dietary behaviors, health policymakers and educators may struggle to implement effective interventions. This study seeks to bridge this gap by examining the link between obesity and dietary patterns among secondary school students in Kwara State.
Objectives of the Study
1. To analyze obesity trends among secondary school students in Kwara State.
2. To assess the dietary habits and nutritional intake of students.
3. To examine the relationship between dietary habits and obesity prevalence.
Research Questions
1. What are the current obesity trends among secondary school students in Kwara State?
2. What dietary habits contribute to obesity among students?
3. How does diet influence obesity prevalence in secondary school students?
Research Hypotheses
1. Obesity prevalence is significantly increasing among secondary school students in Kwara State.
2. Poor dietary habits, including high consumption of processed foods, contribute to obesity trends.
3. Students with healthier diets exhibit lower obesity rates compared to those with unhealthy eating patterns.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on secondary school students in urban and semi-urban areas of Kwara State, assessing their dietary habits and obesity rates. Limitations may include reliance on self-reported dietary data and potential variability in students' physical activity levels.
Definitions of Terms
• Obesity: A medical condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, typically measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI).
• Dietary Habits: The typical eating patterns and food choices of individuals.
• Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs): Chronic diseases not caused by infections, including diabetes, heart disease, and obesity-related conditions.
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