An Assessment of Emergency Nurses’ Adherence to Infection Control Protocols in Trauma Centers in Jigawa State
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Background of the Study
Infection control is a critical component of healthcare delivery, particularly in trauma centers where patients are highly vulnerable to hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Emergency nurses play a vital role in ensuring strict adherence to infection control protocols, including hand hygiene, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, sterilization of medical equipment, and proper waste disposal (World Health Organization, 2024). Failure to comply with these protocols can lead to increased morbidity and mortality among trauma patients, prolonged hospital stays, and the spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens (Aliyu & Usman, 2023).
Jigawa State, like many regions in Nigeria, faces challenges in healthcare infrastructure, limited resources, and inadequate training in infection prevention. Studies have shown that factors such as overcrowding in emergency units, inadequate staffing, and poor knowledge of infection control guidelines contribute to non-compliance among healthcare workers (Bello et al., 2023). Trauma centers in Jigawa State frequently admit accident victims, burn patients, and individuals with open wounds, making infection control adherence even more critical to preventing complications such as sepsis and wound infections (Ibrahim & Yusuf, 2024).
Despite the significance of infection prevention in trauma centers, there is limited research on the level of adherence among emergency nurses in Jigawa State. This study aims to assess the extent to which emergency nurses comply with infection control protocols and identify barriers to effective implementation.
Statement of the Problem
Healthcare-associated infections remain a major challenge in trauma centers, posing significant risks to patient safety. In emergency settings, where rapid medical interventions are required, strict infection control practices are often compromised due to high patient volumes, inadequate protective equipment, and time constraints (Ahmed & Yusuf, 2023).
In Jigawa State, trauma centers are often understaffed, and many nurses may not receive continuous infection prevention training. Poor adherence to infection control protocols increases the likelihood of post-surgical infections, bloodstream infections, and antimicrobial resistance among trauma patients (Bello et al., 2024). Without proper assessment and reinforcement of infection control measures, the quality of emergency care remains compromised, leading to poor patient outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the level of adherence of emergency nurses to infection control protocols in trauma centers in Jigawa State.
2. To identify factors influencing compliance with infection control measures among emergency nurses.
3. To recommend strategies for improving infection control adherence in emergency trauma settings.
Research Questions
1. To what extent do emergency nurses in Jigawa State adhere to infection control protocols?
2. What factors influence adherence to infection prevention measures in trauma centers?
3. What strategies can improve infection control compliance among emergency nurses?
Research Hypotheses
1. Emergency nurses in Jigawa State have suboptimal adherence to infection control protocols.
2. Limited resources and inadequate training negatively impact adherence to infection control measures.
3. Strengthening infection control training and resource availability will improve compliance in trauma centers.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on trauma centers in Jigawa State, evaluating emergency nurses’ adherence to infection control guidelines. Limitations may include variations in infection control practices across different hospitals and self-reporting bias among nurses.
Definition of Terms
• Infection Control Protocols: Standardized procedures designed to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings.
• Emergency Nurses: Nurses who provide rapid medical care in emergency and trauma settings.
• Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs): Infections that patients acquire during their hospital stay, unrelated to their original diagnosis.
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